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首页> 外文期刊>Northeastern geology and environmental sciences >ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF ACID MINE-DRAINAGE FROM DAVIS PYRITE MINE, ROWE, MASSACHUSETTS
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ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF ACID MINE-DRAINAGE FROM DAVIS PYRITE MINE, ROWE, MASSACHUSETTS

机译：戴维斯硫铁矿，罗威，马萨诸塞州的酸性矿山排水的环境后果

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Davis Mine in Massachusetts operated from 1882 until 1911, producing pyrite from a mineralized zone in the Ordovician Hawley Formation. This unit is in the Berkshire Mountains of western Massachusetts, and consists of gneiss, schist, and amphibolite, all metamorphosed to lower amphibolite grade. The ore body contains granular pyrite, with associated chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, sphalerite, and galena. Since the time of the mine collapse in 1911, acidic drainage has been transporting very high concentrations of sulfate, iron, and trace metals from the exposed waste-rock piles in surface runoff and groundwater. Initial observations indicate that the generation and attenuation of the acid mine-drainage is in a state of dynamic equilibrium. Acidity, sulfate and metal concentrations increase in the mine effluent and groundwater as it traverses the waste-rock piles. Fish and megafauna are absent from the entire length of Davis Mine Brook, which extends 2 km downstream from the mine. Data from multi-level wells define a shallow lens of contaminated groundwater witli pH < 3, Fe > 100 mg/L and SO^2" > 500 mg/L that moves rapidly through the waste-rock piles and shallow bedrock fractures. The spread of this contaminated zone is restricted by the flow of ambient groundwater from uncontaminated recharge areas. The mine effluent discharges into Davis Mine Brook where dilution by mixing with uncontaminated stream water decreases metal concentrations rapidly within the first 20m downstream. Trace metals are adsorbed on precipitated iron oxyhydroxides on the stream bed, although dissolved SO42', AF+, Fe, and Zn21 remain elevated 500 m downstream relative to background concentrations. Additional input from direct groundwater discharge downstream may contribute to these elevated levels. Periods of snowmelt or rainfall cause dissolution of metal-sulfate salt precipitates in the soil and result in seasonally elevated dissolved metals, sulfate and acidity during spring and autumn.
机译：马萨诸塞州的戴维斯矿山从1882年开始运营至1911年，从奥陶纪霍利组的矿化带生产黄铁矿。该单元位于马萨诸塞州西部的伯克希尔山脉，由片麻岩，片岩和闪石组成，它们全部变质为较低的闪石等级。矿体中含有粒状黄铁矿，以及相关的黄铜矿，黄铁矿，闪锌矿和方铅矿。自1911年矿山坍塌以来，酸性排水一直在输送地表径流和地下水中来自裸露的废石堆的高浓度硫酸盐，铁和微量金属。初步观察表明，酸性矿山排水的产生和衰减处于动态平衡状态。酸，硫酸盐和金属的浓度在穿过废石堆时会增加矿山废水和地下水中的浓度。戴维斯矿山布鲁克的整个长度都没有鱼类和大型动物，该矿在矿山下游延伸2公里。来自多口井的数据定义了一个受污染的地下水的浅层，pH <3，Fe> 100 mg / L，SO ^ 2“> 500 mg / L，迅速穿过废石堆和浅基岩裂缝。该污染区的一部分受到未污染补给区周围地下水的限制，矿山废水排入戴维斯矿山溪，在那里与未污染的溪流水混合稀释后，在下游的前20m内迅速降低了金属的浓度，微量金属吸附在沉淀的铁上尽管溶解的SO42'，AF +，Fe和Zn21相对于背景浓度在下游增加了500 m，但河床中的羟基氧化物仍被升高，下游直接地下水排放的额外输入可能会导致这些升高的水平。硫酸盐沉淀在土壤中，导致春季和秋季的溶解金属，硫酸盐和酸度季节性升高。

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