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首页> 外文期刊>Cell and Tissue Research >Cysteine proteases: mode of action and role in epidermal differentiation.
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Cysteine proteases: mode of action and role in epidermal differentiation.

机译：半胱氨酸蛋白酶：作用方式和在表皮分化中的作用。

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Desquamation or cell shedding in mammalian skin is known to involve serine proteases, aspartic proteases and glycosidases. In addition, evidence continues to accumulate that papain-like cysteine proteases and an inhibitor cystatin M/E largely confined to the cutaneous epithelia also play key roles in the process. This involves the complete proteolysis of cell adhesive structures of the stratum corneum, the corneodesmosomes and notably of the desmogleins. Continual cell replacement in the epidermis is the result of the balance between the loss of the outer squames and mitosis of the cells in the basal cell layer. This article provides a brief account of the salient features of the characteristics and catalytic mechanism of cysteine proteases, followed by a discussion of the relevant epidermal biology. The proteases include the asparaginyl endopeptidase legumain, which exerts a strict specificity for the hydrolysis of asparaginyl bonds, cathepsin-V and cathepsin-L. The control of these enzymes by cystatin M/E regulates the processing of transglutaminases and is crucial in the biochemical pathway responsible for regulating the cross-linking and desquamation of the stratum corneum. In addition, caspase-14 has now been shown to play a major part in epidermal maturation. Uncontrolled proteolytic activity leads to abnormal hair follicle formation and deleterious effects on the skin barrier function.
机译：已知哺乳动物皮肤中的脱皮或细胞脱落涉及丝氨酸蛋白酶，天冬氨酸蛋白酶和糖苷酶。此外，证据不断积累，木瓜样半胱氨酸蛋白酶和很大程度上局限于皮肤上皮细胞的抑制剂胱抑素M / E在该过程中也起着关键作用。这涉及角质层，角质体，尤其是桥粒芯蛋白的细胞粘附结构的完全蛋白水解。表皮中的连续细胞置换是外鳞的损失与基底细胞层中细胞的有丝分裂之间平衡的结果。本文简要介绍了半胱氨酸蛋白酶的特征和催化机理的突出特征，然后讨论了相关的表皮生物学。蛋白酶包括天冬酰胺基内肽酶legumain，其对天冬酰胺基键，组织蛋白酶-V和组织蛋白酶-L的水解具有严格的特异性。胱抑素M / E对这些酶的控制可调节转谷氨酰胺酶的加工，并且在负责调节角质层交联和脱皮的生化途径中至关重要。另外，现在已经表明胱天蛋白酶14在表皮成熟中起主要作用。不受控制的蛋白水解活性导致异常的毛囊形成和对皮肤屏障功能的有害作用。

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