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Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in bone marrow niche

机译：Wnt /β-catenin在骨髓生境中的信号传导

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The bone marrow (BM) niche is a specific physiological environment for hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Several signaling pathways (including Wnt/beta-catenin) regulate various aspects of stem cell growth, function and death in the BM niche. In addition, the canonical Wnt pathway is crucial for directing self-renewal and differentiation as important mechanisms in many types of stem cells. We review the role of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway in the BM niche and its importance in stem cells. Relevant literature was identified by a PubMed search (1997-2014) of English-language literature by using the following keywords: BM niche, Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, osteoblast, osteoclast and bone disease. The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway regulates the stability of the beta-catenin proto-oncogene. The stabilized beta-catenin then translocates to the nucleus, forming a beta-catenin-TCF/LEF complex regulating the transcription of specific target genes. Stem cells require beta-catenin to mediate their response to Wnt signaling for maintenance and transition from the pluripotent state during embryogenesis. In adult stem cells, Wnt signaling functions at various hierarchical levels to contribute to the specification of the diverse tissues. Aberrant Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and its downstream transcriptional regulators are observed in several malignant stem cells and human cancers. Because Wnt signaling can maintain stem cells and cancer cells, the ability to modulate the Wnt pathway either positively or negatively may be of therapeutic relevance. The controlled activation of Wnt signaling might allow us to enhance stem and progenitor cell activity when regeneration is needed.
机译：骨髓（BM）生态位是造血和非造血干细胞（HSC）的特定生理环境。几种信号传导途径（包括Wnt /β-catenin）调节BM生态位中干细胞生长，功能和死亡的各个方面。此外，规范的Wnt途径对于指导自我更新和分化至关重要，这是许多类型干细胞中的重要机制。我们回顾了Wnt /β-catenin通路在BM生态位中的作用及其在干细胞中的重要性。相关文献通过PubMed搜索（1997-2014年）使用以下关键字来检索英语文献：BM利基，Wnt /β-catenin信号，成骨细胞，破骨细胞和骨病。 Wnt /β-catenin途径调节β-catenin原癌基因的稳定性。然后，稳定的β-catenin易位至细胞核，形成β-catenin-TCF/ LEF复合物，调节特定靶基因的转录。干细胞需要β-catenin介导其对Wnt信号的应答，以在胚胎发生过程中维持和从多能状态过渡。在成体干细胞中，Wnt信号传导在不同的层次上起作用，有助于规范各种组织。在几种恶性干细胞和人类癌症中观察到异常的Wnt /β-catenin信号传导及其下游转录调节因子。由于Wnt信号传导可以维持干细胞和癌细胞，因此正向或负向调节Wnt途径的能力可能与治疗有关。 Wnt信号的受控激活可能使我们能够在需要再生时增强干细胞和祖细胞的活性。

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