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首页> 外文期刊>Life sciences >Tonic pain response in mice: effects of sex, season and time of day.
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Tonic pain response in mice: effects of sex, season and time of day.

机译：小鼠的强直性疼痛反应：性别，季节和一天中的时间的影响。

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Seasonal and diurnal variations in tonic pain reactions were examined in female and male CBA/J mice maintained in a 12/12 dark/light cycle, at controlled temperature and humidity conditions. Animals were injected into the dorsum of one hindpaw with a dilute (20 microl, 1%) formalin solution. Pain-related behaviors were quantified as the time spent licking the injected paw and the number of flinching episodes. The experiments were performed during the first part of the light phase (Light: from 7 to 10 a.m.) or during the first part of the dark phase of the diurnal cycle (Dark: from 7 to 10 p.m.), in two different periods of the year: Spring (March-June) and Winter (November-January). Considering all data, females showed a slightly enhanced licking response, as well as an increase in the time spent in self-grooming, in comparison with males. In Spring, the licking and flinching responses were higher during the Dark phase than during the Light phase. This held for both sexes and for both phases of the behavioral response to formalin injection. By contrast, no significant diurnal variation in pain reactions was found in Winter. These seasonal and diurnal differences were not due to nonspecific changes in motor behavior, inasmuch as locomotor activity and self-grooming showed a different pattern: during the second phase after formalin, self-grooming was higher in the Light period in the experiments performed in Spring, whereas locomotor activity showed no significant seasonal changes. These results show that the behavioral reactions to prolonged noxious input, integrated both at spinal and supraspinal sites, undergo similar seasonal and diurnal variations in both sexes, strengthening the importance of chronobiological factors in the modulation of nociception.
机译：检查雌性和雄性CBA / J小鼠在控制的温度和湿度条件下保持12/12暗/亮周期，以观察滋补性疼痛反应的季节性和昼夜变化。用稀释的（20微升，1％）福尔马林溶液将动物注射到一只后爪的背部。与疼痛相关的行为被定量为舔舔被注射的爪子所花费的时间和退缩发作的次数。在昼夜周期的第一阶段（光照：上午7到10上午）或昼夜周期的黑暗阶段的第一阶段（黑暗：从7到10 pm）进行实验，在两个不同的时间段年：春季（3月至6月）和冬季（11月至1月）。考虑到所有数据，与男性相比，女性表现出略微增强的舔enhanced反应，以及在自我修饰上花费的时间增加。在春季，在黑暗阶段的舔fl和退缩反应要比在明亮阶段的要高。这对男女和对福尔马林注射的行为反应的两个阶段都适用。相反，在冬季，疼痛反应没有明显的昼夜变化。这些季节性和昼夜差异不是运动行为的非特异性变化引起的，因为运动活动和自我修饰表现出不同的模式：在福尔马林之后的第二阶段，春季进行的实验在光照阶段的自我修饰较高，而运动活动没有显示出明显的季节性变化。这些结果表明，对长期有害输入的行为反应，无论是在脊柱还是在脊髓上位，都在男性和女性中经历了相似的季节性和昼夜变化，从而增强了时间生物学因素在伤害感受调节中的重要性。

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