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Nitric oxide-related toxicity in cultured astrocytes: effect of Bacopa monniera.

机译：培养的星形胶质细胞中与一氧化氮相关的毒性：Bacopa monniera的作用。

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There is growing evidence that high concentrations of nitric oxide (NO), generated by activated astrocytes, might be involved in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, ischemia and epilepsy. It has recently been suggested that glial cells may produce NO under superoxide radical stimulation by enzyme-independent mechanism. This suggests that also natural antioxidants may have therapeutical relevance in neurodegenerative diseases. Studies of Bhattacharya et al. have evidenced that Bacopa monniera (BM) (family Scrophulariaceae), an Ayurvedic medicinal plant clinically used for memory enhancing, epilepsy, insomnia and as a mild sedative, is able to reduce the memory-dysfunction in rat models of Alzheimer's disease, but the molecular mechanisms of this action are yet to be determined. In the present study, we examined the effect of a methanolic extract of BM on toxicity induced by the nitric oxide donor, S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine (SNAP), in culture of purified rat astrocytes. Our results indicate that, after 18 h of treatment, SNAP induced an increase in the production of reactive species, but did not induce the rupture of cellular membrane. Conversely, this NO donor induced a fragmentation of genomic DNA compared to control astrocytes. The extract of BM inhibited the formation of reactive species and DNA damage in a dose dependent manner. This data supports the traditional use of BM and indicates that this medicinal plant has a therapeutic potential in treatment or prevention of neurological diseases.
机译：越来越多的证据表明，活化星形胶质细胞产生的高浓度一氧化氮（NO）可能与多种神经退行性疾病有关，例如阿尔茨海默氏病，局部缺血和癫痫。最近，有人提出胶质细胞可能在超氧自由基的刺激下通过不依赖酶的机制产生NO。这表明天然抗氧化剂在神经退行性疾病中也可能具有治疗意义。 Bhattacharya等人的研究。已有证据表明，临床上用于增强记忆力，癫痫，失眠和轻度镇静作用的印度草药药用植物Bacopa monniera（BM）（Scrophulariaceae）能够减轻阿尔茨海默氏病大鼠模型的记忆障碍该作用的机制尚待确定。在本研究中，我们在纯化的大鼠星形胶质细胞培养物中检测了BM甲醇提取物对一氧化氮供体S-亚硝基-N-乙酰青霉胺（SNAP）诱导的毒性的影响。我们的结果表明，处理18小时后，SNAP诱导了反应性物质的产生增加，但并未诱导细胞膜破裂。相反，与对照星形胶质细胞相比，该NO供体诱导了基因组DNA的断裂。 BM提取物以剂量依赖性方式抑制反应性物质的形成和DNA损伤。该数据支持BM的传统使用，并表明该药用植物在治疗或预防神经系统疾病方面具有治疗潜力。

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