...
  • 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Cell and Tissue Research >Some assembly required: evolutionary and systems perspectives on the mammalian reproductive system
【24h】

Some assembly required: evolutionary and systems perspectives on the mammalian reproductive system

机译：需要一些组装：关于哺乳动物生殖系统的进化论和系统学观点

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

In this review, we discuss the way that insights from evolutionary theory and systems biology shed light on form and function in mammalian reproductive systems. In the first part of the review, we contrast the rapid evolution seen in some reproductive genes with the generally conservative nature of development. We discuss directional selection and co-evolution as potential drivers of rapid evolution in sperm and egg proteins. Such rapid change is very different from the highly conservative nature of later embryo development. However, it is not unique, as some regions of the sex chromosomes also show elevated rates of evolutionary change. To explain these contradictory trends, we argue that it is not reproductive functions per se that induce rapid evolution. Rather, it is the fact that biotic interactions, such as speciation events and sexual conflict, have no evolutionary endpoint and hence can drive continuous evolutionary changes. Returning to the question of sex chromosome evolution, we discuss the way that recent advances in evolutionary genomics and systems biology and, in particular, the development of a theory of gene balance provide a better understanding of the evolutionary patterns seen on these chromosomes. We end the review with a discussion of a surprising and incompletely understood phenomenon observed in early embryos: namely the Warburg effect, whereby glucose is fermented to lactate and alanine rather than respired to carbon dioxide. We argue that evolutionary insights, from both yeasts and tumor cells, help to explain the Warburg effect, and that new metabolic modeling approaches are useful in assessing the potential sources of the effect.
机译：在这篇综述中，我们讨论了进化论和系统生物学的见解揭示了哺乳动物生殖系统的形式和功能的方式。在本综述的第一部分中，我们将某些生殖基因的快速进化与发育的总体保守性进行了对比。我们讨论了方向选择和共同进化作为精子和卵蛋白快速进化的潜在驱动力。这种迅速的变化与后来的胚胎发育的高度保守性大不相同。但是，它不是唯一的，因为性染色体的某些区域也显示出进化变化的速率增加。为了解释这些矛盾的趋势，我们认为诱发快速进化的本身不是生殖功能。相反，事实是生物相互作用（例如物种形成事件和性冲突）没有进化终点，因此可以推动持续的进化变化。回到性染色体进化问题，我们讨论了进化基因组学和系统生物学的最新进展，尤其是基因平衡理论的发展，使人们对这些染色体上的进化模式有了更好的理解。我们以讨论在早期胚胎中观察到的令人惊讶且未完全理解的现象作为结尾，即沃堡效应，即葡萄糖被发酵为乳酸和丙氨酸而不是被呼吸为二氧化碳。我们认为，来自酵母和肿瘤细胞的进化见解有助于解释Warburg效应，并且新的代谢建模方法可用于评估该效应的潜在来源。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号