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首页> 外文期刊>Life sciences >The lymphocytic cholinergic system and its contribution to the regulation of immune activity [Review]
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The lymphocytic cholinergic system and its contribution to the regulation of immune activity [Review]

机译：淋巴细胞胆碱能系统及其对免疫活性调节的作用[综述]

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Lymphocytes express most of the cholinergic components found in the nervous system, including acetylcholine (ACh), choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), high affinity choline transporter, muscarinic and nicotinic ACh receptors (mAChRs and nAChRs, respectively), and acetylcholinesterase. Stimulation of T and B cells with ACh or another mAChR agonist elicits intracellular Ca2+ signaling, up-regulation of c-fos expression, increased nitric oxide synthesis and IL-2-induced signal transduction, probably via M-3 and M-5 mAChR-mediated pathways. Acute stimulation of nAChRs with ACh or nicotine causes rapid and transient Ca2+ signaling in T and B cells, probably via alpha7 nAChR subunit-mediated pathways. Chronic nicotine stimulation, by contrast, down-regulates nAChR expression and suppresses T cell activity. Activation of T cells with phytobemagglutinin or antibodies against cell surface molecules enhances lymphocytic cholinergic transmission by activating expression of ChAT and M-5 mAChR, which is suggestive of local cholinergic regulation of immune system activity. This idea is supported by the facts that lymphocytic cholinergic activity reflects well the changes in immune system function seen in animal models of immune deficiency and immune acceleration. Collectively, these data provide a compelling picture in which lymphocytes constitute a cholinergic system that is independent of cholinergic nerves, and which is involved in the regulation of immune function. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. [References: 98]
机译：淋巴细胞表达神经系统中发现的大多数胆碱能成分，包括乙酰胆碱（ACh），胆碱乙酰转移酶（ChAT），高亲和力胆碱转运蛋白，毒蕈碱和烟碱ACh受体（分别为mAChR和nAChR）和乙酰胆碱酯酶。用ACh或另一种mAChR激动剂刺激T和B细胞会引起细胞内Ca2 +信号传导，c-fos表达上调，一氧化氮合成增加以及IL-2诱导的信号转导，可能是通过M-3和M-5 mAChR-介导的途径。用ACh或尼古丁对nAChR进行的急性刺激可能会通过alpha7 nAChR亚基介导的途径在T和B细胞中引起快速且短暂的Ca2 +信号传导。相比之下，慢性尼古丁刺激会下调nAChR表达并抑制T细胞活性。用植物凝集素或抗细胞表面分子的抗体激活T细胞可通过激活ChAT和M-5 mAChR的表达增强淋巴细胞胆碱能传递，这提示了免疫系统活性的局部胆碱能调节。淋巴细胞胆碱能活性很好地反映了在免疫缺陷和免疫加速的动物模型中看到的免疫系统功能的变化，这一事实为这一观点提供了支持。总的来说，这些数据提供了令人信服的画面，其中淋巴细胞构成了独立于胆碱能神经的胆碱能系统，并参与了免疫功能的调节。 （C）2003 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。 [参考：98]

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