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Structure and function of Toll-like receptor proteins [Review]

机译:Toll样受体蛋白的结构与功能[综述]

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Beginning in 1997 with the identification of the first human homologue of the Drosophila protein Toll, a family of related molecules have been identified in both humans and other mammals. These Toll-Like receptor (TLR) proteins appear to represent a conserved family of innate immune recognition receptors. TLR proteins share extended homology with receptors for the cytokines interleukin 1 (IL-1) and interleukin 18 (IL-18). These receptors are coupled to a signaling pathway that is conserved in mammals, insects, and plants, resulting in cellular activation, thereby stimulating innate immune defenses. A variety of bacterial and fungal products have been identified that serve as TLR ligands, and more recent studies have identified the first endogenous protein ligands for TLR proteins. While TLR signaling is likely to be a key feature of innate immune responses, these proteins may also regulate homeostasis via interaction with endogenous protein ligands. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. [References: 86]
机译:从1997年果蝇蛋白Toll的第一个人类同源物的鉴定开始,在人类和其他哺乳动物中都鉴定出一系列相关分子。这些Toll-Like受体(TLR)蛋白似乎代表了先天免疫识别受体的保守家族。 TLR蛋白与细胞因子白介素1(IL-1)和白介素18(IL-18)的受体具有扩展的同源性。这些受体与哺乳动物,昆虫和植物中保守的信号传导途径偶联,导致细胞活化,从而刺激先天免疫防御。已经鉴定出多种细菌和真菌产物作为TLR配体,并且最近的研究已经鉴定出TLR蛋白的第一个内源蛋白配体。虽然TLR信号可能是先天免疫反应的关键特征,但这些蛋白质也可能通过与内源性蛋白质配体相互作用来调节体内平衡。 (C)2000 Elsevier Science Inc.保留所有权利。 [参考:86]

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