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Boron clusters as structural elements of novel liquid crystalline materials

机译：硼团簇作为新型液晶材料的结构元素

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摘要

closo-Boranes are characterised by high thermal and oxidative stability due in part to highly delocalised bonding within a σ-framework. These boron clusters when employed as structural elements of liquid crystals give rise to novel structures with unique properties and vast potential in applications. The neutral closo-boranes such as the carboranes provide opportunity to perform fundamental structure–property relationship studies that may provide additional insight on the liquid crystalline state. The anionic closo-borates possessing a highly delocalised negative two charge can be used as structural elements of zwitterionic, quadrupolar liquid crystalline materials. Such materials may be of use for understanding the effects of polarity on the liquid crystalline state. Lastly, the anionic closo-monocarbaborates possessing a single highly delocalised negative charge can be envisioned as structural elements of either highly polar or ionic liquid crystalline materials. The highly polar materials may also serve as models for understanding the effects of polarity on the liquid crystalline state. Additionally, they should have application as positive ?ε additives for nematic liquid crystalline mixture formulations. The ionic materials, where the anionic fragment drives liquid crystalline behaviour, lend themselves as potential electrolytes for anisotropic ion transport in battery technologies. The review presented here introduces these concepts and highlights the current status of boron cluster containing liquid crystalline materials.
机译：Closo-Boranes的特点是具有较高的热稳定性和氧化稳定性，部分原因是σ框架内存在高度离域的键合。当这些硼簇用作液晶的结构元素时，产生了具有独特性质和在应用中具有巨大潜力的新颖结构。中性氯硼烷（例如碳硼烷）提供了进行基本的结构－性质关系研究的机会，这些研究可能会提供有关液晶状态的更多见解。具有高度离域的负两个电荷的阴离子梭-硼酸盐可用作两性离子，四极液晶材料的结构元素。这样的材料可用于理解极性对液晶状态的影响。最后，可以设想具有单个高度离域的负电荷的阴离子型closo-monocarbaborates作为高极性或离子型液晶材料的结构元素。高极性材料还可以用作模型，以了解极性对液晶态的影响。另外，它们应作为向列型液晶混合物配方的正αε添加剂应用。阴离子片段驱动液晶行为的离子材料适合作为电池技术中各向异性离子传输的潜在电解质。本文介绍的这些概念介绍了这些概念，并重点介绍了包含液晶材料的硼团簇的当前状态。

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