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Instability of the turbidity maximum in the macrotidal Geum River estuary, western Korea

机译：朝鲜西部巨潮锦江河口最大浊度的不稳定性

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摘要

In the low-salinity area of many macrotidal estuaries, through the combination of tidal pumping and estuarine circulation, an estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) develops providing favorable conditions for various organisms. To investigate ecological roles of the ETM in East Asian estuaries, we conducted seasonal observations in the Geum (or Keum) River estuary, one of the representative macrotidal estuaries flowing into the Yellow Sea, from 2007 to 2008. The estuary was frequently filled with high-salinity (>10 PSU) and low-turbidity (<100 NTU) water under small or no freshwater discharge from a dam (ca. 8 km upstream from the river mouth). Brackish water was, however, completely pushed out of the estuary within a few hours after an intensive discharge in summer. Chlorophyll a (up to 50 μg l~(-1)) and pheophytin (up to 80 μg l~(-1)) were concentrated in a low-salinity (<1 PSU) and high-turbidity (up to 1000 NTU) area, indicating that the intensive discharge transported both living phytoplankton and resuspended detritus into the area. In contrast, a phytoplankton bloom (chlorophyll a, up to 100 μg l~(-1)) was observed at low salinities under little discharge in winter. The present study demonstrated an absence of the ETM suitable for estuarine-dependent organisms from the present Geum River estuary, indicating potential importance of adequate control of freshwater discharge for the formation and maintenance of the ETM.
机译：在许多大型潮汐河口的低盐度地区，通过潮汐抽水和河口环流的结合，形成了最大的河口浊度（ETM），为各种生物提供了有利条件。为了调查ETM在东亚河口的生态作用，我们在2007年至2008年期间对流入黄海的代表性巨潮河口之一的金姆（或基姆）河口进行了季节性观测。 -从大坝（距河口上游约8公里）排出的淡水很少或没有时，盐度（> 10 PSU）和低浊度（<100 NTU）水。然而，在夏季大量排放后的几小时内，苦咸水被完全从河口推出。叶绿素a（最大50μgl〜（-1））和脱镁叶绿素（最大80μgl〜（-1））浓缩在低盐度（<1 PSU）和高浊度（最大1000 NTU）中该区域表明密集的排放将活体浮游植物和悬浮的碎屑运到该区域。相反，在冬季，在低盐度下很少排放的情况下观察到浮游植物开花（叶绿素a，高达100μgl〜（-1））。本研究表明，目前的锦江河口缺少适合河口依赖生物的ETM，这表明适当控制淡水排放对于ETM的形成和维持具有潜在的重要性。

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