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Finishing of dairy steers having grazed semi-natural grasslands

机译：放牧半天然草原的奶牛场

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The objective of this study was to determine the effects of initial live weight, level of grain feeding, and length of finishing period on weight gain and carcass traits of dairy steers that had grazed semi-natural grasslands. Steers were subdivided by initial live weight (low vs. high) and were fed two levels of grain (0.5% vs. 1.0% of live weight day~(-1)) during three different lengths of finishing period (3, 5 vs. 8 months). In total, 192 steers, initially 18 to 21 months of age, were fed grass-clover silage ad libitum. Steers fed high levels of grain had a higher dietary feed intake than steers fed low levels of grain (10.5 vs. 9.7 kg DM day~(-); P<0.001). Carcass weight gain (630 g) was highest and feed conversion (169 MJ metabolizable energyper kg carcass gain) was best in steers with 5 months of finishing. Steers with low initial weights had a higher daily carcass weight gain than initially heavy steers (614 vs. 571 g, P=0.013). A high initial weight and a long finishing period resulted inheavier and fatter carcasses with a higher conformation score and lower proportions of valuable retail cuts and bone. In conclusion, high-quality carcasses can be produced when finishing dairy steers that previously have grazed semi-natural grasslands.Performance and carcass traits were more effected by initial weight and length of finishing period than by level of grain feeding.
机译：这项研究的目的是确定初生体重，谷物进食水平和肥育期的长度对放牧半天然草原的奶牛场的体重增加和car体性状的影响。 initial牛按初始活重（低和高）细分，并在三个不同的育肥阶段（3、5和5）分别饲喂了两个水平的谷物（0.5％对1.0％（-1））。 8个月）。总共给192头公牛（最初18到21个月大）随意喂草三叶草青贮饲料。饲喂高水平谷物的牛比饲喂低水平谷物的牛具有更高的饮食采食量（10.5 vs. 9.7 kg DM Day〜（-）; P <0.001）。育肥期为5个月的ste牛，weight体增重（630 g）最高，饲料转化率（每公斤car体增重169 MJ可代谢能量）最好。初始体重低的ers牛的car体日增重要高于最初体重较重的（牛（614 vs. 571 g，P = 0.013）。较高的初始重量和较长的修整期会导致car体变重和发胖，构象得分更高，有价值的零售切段和骨头的比例更低。综上所述，当对曾经在半天然草原上吃草的奶牛场进行精加工时，可以生产出高质量的cas体。性能和car体性状受初始重量和肥育期长度的影响比受谷物饲喂水平的影响更大。

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