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首页> 外文期刊>Livestock Science >A comparison of the direct and residual response of dairy cows to once or twice-daily milking, in late lactation.
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A comparison of the direct and residual response of dairy cows to once or twice-daily milking, in late lactation.

机译：泌乳后期对每日一次或两次挤奶的直接和残留反应的比较。

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Two experiments were undertaken to examine the direct and residual responses of late lactation (mean of 232 days calved) autumn calving dairy cows (Experiment 1), and late lactation (mean of 240 days calved) spring calving dairy cows (Experiment 2), to once-daily milking. Experiments 1 and 2 involved 50 and 44 Holstein-Friesian dairy cows respectively. In each of the two experiments, cows were milked either once daily (ODM) or twice daily (TDM), during the late lactation period (mean of 79 and 66 days in Experiments 1 and 2 respectively). Cows in Experiment 1 were managed within a grazing system, and were offered 3.0 kg of concentrate/day, while cows in Experiment 2 were housed, and offered grass silage supplemented with 6.0 kg concentrate/day. Forty-one cows from Experiment 1, and 32 cows from Experiment 2, completed the first eight weeks of the subsequent lactation on a twice-daily milking regime. Food intakes were not measured in Experiment 1, while treatment had no significant effect on dry matter intake in Experiment 2 (P>0.05). In each of Experiments 1 and 2, total milk output was increased with twice-daily milking (P<=0.05), while milk fat (P<=0.01) and protein (P<0.001) concentrations increased with once-daily milking. Somatic cell counts were higher with animals milked once daily in Experiment 1 (P<0.001), while not being significantly affected by milking frequency in Experiment 2 (P>0.05). Milking frequency had no significant effect on cow live weight or on cow condition score at the point of drying off in either Experiment (P>0.05). Milking time per cow during morning milking was unaffected by treatment in either experiment, while total daily milking time per cow (morning and evening combined) was significantly longer with the TDM treatment (P<0.001). In Experiment 1, milk flow rates during the morning milking were higher with animals on the ODM treatment, compared to those on TDM treatment (P<0.001), while being unaffected by treatment in Experiment 2 (P>0.05). Neither daily milk yield, milk fat content, milk protein content, or somatic cell count during the subsequent lactation, were affected by previous lactation milking frequency in either of Experiments 1 or 2 (P>0.05).
机译：进行了两个实验，以检验晚期泌乳（平均分娩232天），秋季产犊奶牛（实验1）和春季泌乳（平均分娩240天）春季产犊的母牛（实验2）的直接和残留响应。每天一次挤奶。实验1和2分别涉及50头和44头Holstein-Friesian奶牛。在这两个实验的每一个中，泌乳后期（实验1和2中分别为79天和66天），每天一次（ODM）或两次（TDM）挤奶。在放牧系统中对实验1的母牛进行管理，每天提供3.0千克浓缩物，而饲养实验2的母牛，并向草料青贮饲料补充6.0千克/天。实验1的41头奶牛和实验2的32头奶牛在每天两次的挤奶方案中完成了随后泌乳的前八周。实验1中未测量食物摄入量，而实验2中处理对干物质摄入量无显着影响（P> 0.05）。在实验1和实验2的每一个中，每天两次挤奶的总牛奶产量增加（P <= 0.05），而每天一次挤奶的牛奶脂肪（P <= 0.01）和蛋白质（P <0.001）的浓度增加。在实验1中，每天一次挤奶的动物的体细胞计数更高（P <0.001），而在实验2中不受挤奶频率的明显影响（P> 0.05）。在任一实验中，挤奶频率对母牛的活重或母牛状况评分均无显着影响（P> 0.05）。在任何一个实验中，早晨挤奶期间每头母牛的挤奶时间均不受治疗的影响，而采用TDM处理时，每头母牛的每日总挤奶时间（早上和晚上相加）明显更长（P <0.001）。在实验1中，与进行TDM处理的动物相比，接受ODM处理的动物的早晨挤奶期间的牛奶流速更高（P <0.001），而不受实验2的处理的影响（P> 0.05）。在实验1或实验2中，以后泌乳期间的每日泌乳量，乳脂含量，乳蛋白含量或体细胞计数均不受先前泌乳频率的影响（P> 0.05）。

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