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首页> 外文期刊>Livestock Science >Effect of herbage allowance and concentrate supplementation on dry matter intake, milk production and energy balance of early lactating dairy cows
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Effect of herbage allowance and concentrate supplementation on dry matter intake, milk production and energy balance of early lactating dairy cows

机译：饲草补贴和浓缩物添加对早期泌乳奶牛干物质摄入，产奶量和能量平衡的影响

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The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of daily herbage allowance and concentrate supplementation level offered at approximately 40 and 80 days in milk (DIM) and the carryover effects at 120 DIM on the production performance of spring calving dairy cows. Sixty-six (30 primiparous and 36 multiparous) Holstein-Friesian dairy cows (mean calving date -- 7 Febpl9.9 days) were randomly assigned to a 6 treatment (n =11) grazing study. The experiment was a randomised block design with a 3x2 factorial arrangement of treatments (3 daily herbage allowances (DHA's; approximately 13, 16 and 19 kg DM/cow/day; >4 cm) and 2 concentrate allowances (0 and 4 kg DM/day). Treatments were imposed from 21 February to 8 May. Following this period (subsequent 4-weeks) animals were offered a daily herbage allowance of 20 kg DM/cow/day and no concentrate. Milk production, total dry matter intake (TDMI), energy balance (EB) and blood metabolites were measured on three occasions -- at approximately 40, 80 and 120 days in milk, R1, R2 and the carryover period, respectively. Cows offered a low DHA had a lower post-grazing sward height but increased sward utilisation (>4 cm) during R1 and R2, there was no difference during the carryover period. Concentrate supplementation increased post-grazing sward height by 11% during R2 but had no effect during R1 and the carryover period. Daily herbage allowance had no effect on milk yield or composition during R1 however a low DHA tended to reduce milk yield in R2. Concentrate supplementation increased milk and solids corrected milk (SCM) yield by 4.1 and 2.8 kg/cow/day, respectively during R1 and also increased R2 milk production performance, this effect extended into the carryover period. Offering a low DHA restricted grass dry matter intake (DMI) during R1 and R2 yet concentrate supplementation significantly increased total DMI (2.3 (R1) and 3.0 (R2) kg DM/cow). Animals offered a low DHA had a significantly lower bodyweight (BW) than those offered a medium or high DHA during P1 and P2. Concentrate supplementation increased BW during P1 and P2 (+9 and +14 kg/cow, respectively). There was no effect of treatment on BW during P3. There was no effect of DHA on EB in R1; during R2 animals offered a low DHA had the lowest EB. Concentrate significantly increased EB in R1 and R2 and increased plasma glucose concentration while it decreased plasma NEFA and BHB concentrations. The results of this study indicate that animals should be offered a low DHA up to 80 DIM after which DHA should be increased however animals should also be supplemented with concentrate during the early post-partum period.
机译：这项研究的目的是研究在牛奶（DIM）大约40和80天时提供的每日牧草津贴和浓缩物补充水平的影响，以及在120 DIM时对春季犊牛的生产性能的影响。将66头荷斯坦-弗里斯兰奶牛（30头初产和36头多胎）（平均产犊日期-2月7日9.9天）随机分配到6种处理（n = 11）放牧研究中。实验是采用3x2因​​子分解处理的随机区组设计（每日3头草草津贴（DHA;大约13、16和19千克DM /牛/天;> 4厘米）和2种浓缩物津贴（0和4千克DM /在2月21日至5月8日进行处理，在此期间（随后的4周），每天为动物提供20公斤DM /牛/天的草料津贴，无浓缩物牛奶产量，总干物质摄入量（TDMI） ），在三种情况下分别测量了能量平衡（EB）和血液代谢产物-分别在牛奶，R1，R2和结转期分别为40、80和120天。提供低DHA的母牛放牧后的草皮较低。在R1和R2期间，草皮高度高，但提高了草皮利用率（> 4 cm），在结转期间没有差异;在R2期间，精饲料补充提高了放牧后草皮高度11％，但在R1和结转期间没有影响。津贴对产奶量或合成物没有影响然而，在R1期间，低DHA往往会降低R2的产奶量。在R1期间，补充浓缩液可使牛奶和固体校正乳（SCM）的产量分别提高4.1和2.8 kg /牛/天，并且R2的牛奶生产性能也得到提高，这种影响延长到了结转期。在R1和R2期间提供较低的DHA限制草干物质摄入量（DMI），而补充浓缩物则显着增加了总DMI（2.3（R1）和3.0（R2）kg DM /牛）。在P1和P2期间，提供低DHA的动物的体重（BW）明显低于提供中等或高DHA的动物。在P1和P2期间，补充浓缩液可增加体重（分别为+9和+14 kg /牛）。在P3期间，治疗对BW没有影响。 D1对R1中的EB无影响;在R2期间，提供低DHA的动物的EB最低。浓缩液显着增加R1和R2中的EB并增加血浆葡萄糖浓度，同时降低血浆NEFA和BHB浓度。这项研究的结果表明，应为动物提供低DHA，最高可达80 DIM，此后应增加DHA，但在产后早期也应向动物补充精矿。

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