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首页> 外文期刊>Cell and Tissue Research >Proteoglycans: from structural compounds to signaling molecules.
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Proteoglycans: from structural compounds to signaling molecules.

机译：蛋白聚糖：从结构化合物到信号分子。

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Our knowledge of proteoglycan biology has significantly expanded over the past decade with the discovery of a host of new members of this multifunctional family leading to their present classification into three major categories: (1) small leucine-rich proteoglycans, 2) modular proteoglycans, and 3) cell-surface proteoglycans. In addition to being structural proteins, proteoglycans play a major role in signal transduction with regulatory functions in various cellular processes. Being mostly extracellular, they are upstream of many signaling cascades and are capable of affecting intracellular phosphorylation events and modulating distinct pathways, including those driven by bone morphogenetic protein/transforming growth factor superfamily members, receptor tyrosine kinases, the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor, and Toll-like receptors. Mechanistic insights into the molecular and cellular functions of proteoglycans have revealed both the sophistication of these regulatory proteins and the challenges that remain in uncovering the entirety of their biological functions. This review aims to summarize the multiple functions of proteoglycans with special emphasis on their intricate composition and the newly described signaling events in which these molecules play a key role.
机译：在过去的十年中，随着对这个多功能家族的新成员的发现，我们对蛋白聚糖生物学的知识已大大扩展，从而将其目前的分类分为三大类：（1）富含亮氨酸的小蛋白聚糖，2）模块化蛋白聚糖和3）细胞表面蛋白聚糖。除了是结构蛋白之外，蛋白聚糖在各种细胞过程中的调节功能中也起着重要的信号转导作用。它们主要位于细胞外，在许多信号级联反应的上游，能够影响细胞内磷酸化事件并调节不同的途径，包括骨形态发生蛋白/转化生长因子超家族成员，受体酪氨酸激酶，胰岛素样生长因子-I驱动的途径。受体和Toll样受体。对蛋白聚糖分子和细胞功能的机理研究揭示了这些调节蛋白的复杂性以及揭示其全部生物学功能所面临的挑战。这篇综述旨在总结蛋白聚糖的多种功能，并特别强调它们的复杂组成以及这些分子在其中起关键作用的新描述的信号传导事件。

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