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首页> 外文期刊>Redox report: communications in free radical research >Non-invasive biomarkers of oxidative stress: reproducibility and methodological issues
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Non-invasive biomarkers of oxidative stress: reproducibility and methodological issues

机译：氧化应激的非侵入性生物标志物：再现性和方法学问题

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Oxidative stress is the hallmark of various chronic inflammatory lung diseases. Increased concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the lungs of such patients are reflected by elevated concentrations of oxidative stress markers in the breath, airways, lung tissue and blood. Traditionally, the measurement of these biomarkers has involved invasive procedures to procure the samples or to examine the affected compartments, to the patient's discomfort. As a consequence, there is a need for less or non-invasive approaches to measure oxidative stress. The collection of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) has recently emerged as a non-invasive sampling method for realtime analysis and evaluation of oxidative stress biomarkers in the lower respiratory tract airways. The biomarkers of oxidative stress such as H_2O_2, F_2-isoprostanes, malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, antioxidants, glutathione and nitrosative stress such as nitrateitrite and nitrosated species have been successfully measured in EBC. The reproducibility, sensitivity and specificity of the methodologies used in the measurements of EBC oxidative stress biomarkers are discussed. Oxidative stress biomarkers also have been measured for various antioxidants in disease prognosis. EBC is currently used as a research and diagnostic tool in free radical research, yielding information on redox disturbance and the degree and type of inflammation in the lung. It is expected that EBC can be exploited to detect specific levels of biomarkers and monitor disease severity in response to appropriate prescribed therapy/treatment.
机译：氧化应激是各种慢性炎症性肺疾病的标志。这类患者的肺中活性氧（ROS）浓度的增加反映为呼吸，气道，肺组织和血液中氧化应激标志物的浓度升高。传统上，这些生物标志物的测量涉及侵入性程序，以获取样品或检查受影响的隔室，从而使患者感到不适。结果，需要较少或非侵入性的方法来测量氧化应激。呼气冷凝物（EBC）的收集最近作为一种非侵入性采样方法出现，用于实时分析和评估下呼吸道气道中的氧化应激生物标志物。在EBC中已成功测量了氧化应激的生物标记物，例如H_2O_2，F_2-异前列腺烷，丙二醛，4-羟基-2-壬烯醛，抗氧化剂，谷胱甘肽和亚硝化应激的生物标记物，例如硝酸盐/亚硝酸盐和亚硝化物质。讨论了用于测量EBC氧化应激生物标记物的方法的重现性，敏感性和特异性。还已经测定了氧化应激生物标志物在疾病预后中的各种抗氧化剂。 EBC目前在自由基研究中用作研究和诊断工具，可提供有关氧化还原紊乱以及肺部炎症程度和类型的信息。期望可以利用EBC来检测特定水平的生物标志物并响应适当的处方疗法/治疗监测疾病的严重性。

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