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Effective Practices in Design Transfer

机译：设计转移的有效实践

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摘要

The notion of transferring existing design solutions to new design problems is a basic one. Transfer provides a means of tackling increasing complexity, of limiting risks and costs, and of capitalizing on experience. In practice, in design organizations, it can be hard to judge the outcome of transfer because there can be several, often obscure benefits and drawbacks. This work is therefore an attempt to identify effective practices towards transfer on the part of designers and design managers. It is based on a qualitative analysis of 50 unstructured interviews carried out with members of two commercial design organizations. The practices were classified inductively in 15 main categories, of which the most heavily populated were associativity-improving, criteria-broadening, effort-reducing, environment-influencing, error-averting and motivation-addressing. The results have both a practical relevance (since most of the effective practices could be readily taught to novice designers) and a more theoretical relevance (showing what designers believe makes design transfer problematic).
机译：将现有设计解决方案转移到新设计问题的概念是一个基本概念。转移提供了一种解决日益增加的复杂性，限制风险和成本以及利用经验的方法。在实践中，在设计组织中，可能很难判断转移的结果，因为可能会有很多（通常是不清楚的）优缺点。因此，这项工作是试图确定设计师和设计经理转移方面的有效实践。它基于对两个商业设计组织的成员进行的50次非结构化访谈的定性分析。这些实践归纳为15个主要类别，其中人口最多的是改善联系，扩大标准，减少努力，影响环境，平均错误和解决动机。结果既有实际意义（因为大多数有效实践都可以很容易地教给新手设计师），也有理论上的意义（表明设计师认为使设计转移成为问题）。

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