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首页> 外文期刊>Reproduction in Domestic Animals >Reduced Fertility in High-yielding Dairy Cows: Are the Oocyte and Embryo in Danger? Part I The Importance of Negative Energy Balance and Altered Corpus Luteum Function to the Reduction of Oocyte and Embryo Quality in High-yielding Dairy Cows
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Reduced Fertility in High-yielding Dairy Cows: Are the Oocyte and Embryo in Danger? Part I The Importance of Negative Energy Balance and Altered Corpus Luteum Function to the Reduction of Oocyte and Embryo Quality in High-yielding Dairy Cows

机译：高产奶牛的生育力降低：卵母细胞和胚胎处于危险之中吗？第一部分高产奶牛负能量平衡和黄体功能改变对降低卵母细胞和胚胎质量的重要性

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摘要

Fertility in high yielding dairy cows is declining, and there is increasing evidence to presume that oocyte and embryo quality are major factors in the complex pathogenesis of reproductive failure. In this report we present an overview of possible mechanisms linking negative energy balance (NEB) and deficiencies in oocyte and embryo developmental competence; specifically, in the high producing dairy cow. Changes in follicular growth patterns during a period of NEB can indirectly affect oocyte quality. The endocrine and biochemical changes, which are associated with NEB, are reflected in the microenvironment of the growing and maturing female gamete, and likely result in the ovulation of a developmentally incompetent oocyte. Even after an oocyte is successfully ovulated and fertilized, a full-term pregnancy is still not guaranteed. Inadequate corpus luteum function, associated with reduced progesterone, and probably also low insulin-like growth factor concentrations, can cause a suboptimal microenvironment in the uterus that is incapable of sustaining early embryonic life. This may partly account for the low conception rates and the high incidence of early embryonic mortality in high yielding dairy cows.
机译：高产奶牛的生育能力正在下降，越来越多的证据推测卵母细胞和胚胎质量是生殖衰竭复杂发病机理的主要因素。在本报告中，我们概述了可能的机制，这些机制将负能量平衡（NEB）与卵母细胞和胚胎发育能力的缺陷联系在一起;特别是在高产奶牛中。 NEB期间卵泡生长模式的变化可以间接影响卵母细胞的质量。与NEB相关的内分泌和生化变化反映在生长和成熟的雌配子的微环境中，并可能导致发育不全的卵母细胞排卵。即使卵母细胞成功排卵并受精后，仍不能保证足月妊娠。黄体功能不足，与孕酮减少有关，可能还与胰岛素样生长因子浓度低有关，会导致子宫内的微环境欠佳，从而无法维持早期的胚胎生命。这可能部分解释了高产奶牛受胎率低和早期胚胎死亡的高发生率。

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