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How does the immune response get started?

机译:免疫反应如何开始?

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摘要

An effective adaptive immune response requires the prior induction of the regulatory effector T-helper (eTh). There are two competing models of how this cell is induced to effectors. Under the Associative Recognition of Antigen (ARA) or "two signal" model, the T-helper requires eTh in order to be induced to eTh, an "autocatalytic" process. Under the "costimulation" model eTh are induced by an antigen-unspecific signal derived from an "activated" APC. Under the ARA model the problem of the origin of the primer eTh is posed. A nonself antigen-independent pathway to eTh is proposed as well as an experiment to reveal its existence. In the costimulation framework no primer eTh need be postulated but it lacks a mechanism that, in the absence of ARA, accounts for the self-nonself discrimination and the determination of effector class.
机译:有效的适应性免疫反应需要事先诱导调节效应T辅助物(eTh)。关于该细胞如何被诱导为效应子,存在两种竞争模型。在抗原的关联识别(ARA)或“两个信号”模型下,T辅助物需要eTh才能被诱导为eTh,这是一个“自催化”过程。在“共刺激”模型下,eTh由衍生自“活化” APC的抗原非特异性信号诱导。在ARA模型下,提出了引物eTh的起源问题。提出了一种非自身非抗原依赖性的eTh途径以及揭示其存在的实验。在共刺激框架中,不需要假设任何引物eTh,但是它缺乏一种机制,该机制在没有ARA的情况下解释了自我非自我的歧视和效应子类别的确定。

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