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首页> 外文期刊>Reproduction, fertility, and development >Translocation reverses birth sex ratio bias depending on its timing during gestation: evidence for the action of two sex-allocation mechanisms.
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Translocation reverses birth sex ratio bias depending on its timing during gestation: evidence for the action of two sex-allocation mechanisms.

机译：易位会根据出生时机的时机逆转出生性别比偏差：这是两种性别分配机制起作用的证据。

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摘要

Many sex allocation mechanisms are proposed but rarely have researchers considered and tested more than one at a time. Four facultative birth sex ratio (BSR) adjustment mechanisms are considered: (1) hormone-induced conception bias; (2) sex-differential embryo death from excess glucose metabolism; (3) sex-differential embryo death from embryo-uterine developmental asynchrony; and (4) pregnancy hormone suppression and resource deprivation. All mechanisms could be switched on by the corticoadrenal stress response. A total of 104 female rhinoceroses (Rhinocerotidae), translocated from 1961 to 2004 at different stages of gestation or conceived soon after arrival in captivity, were used to test for a reversal in BSR bias as evidence for the action of multiple sex-allocation mechanisms. Translocation induced a statistically significant BSR reversal between early gestation (86% male births from 0 to 0.19 gestation) and mid-gestation (38% male from 0.2 to 0.79 gestation). Captivity also induced a strongly male-biased (67% male) BSR for conceptions after arrival in captivity. The results indicate the action of at least two sex-allocation mechanisms operating in sequence, confirm the important role of sex-differential embryo death around implantation and of stress in sex allocation, and lend support to suggestions that sex-differential glucose metabolism by the preimplantation embryo likely plays a role in facultative BSR adjustment.
机译：提出了许多性别分配机制，但很少有研究者一次考虑和测试多个。考虑了四种兼性出生性别比（BSR）调节机制：（1）激素引起的受孕偏向; （2）由于葡萄糖代谢过多而导致的性别差异性胚胎死亡; （3）胚胎-子宫发育异步引起的性别差异性胚胎死亡; （4）抑制孕激素和资源匮乏。皮质肾上腺应激反应可以开启所有机制。总共104头雌性犀牛（Rhinocerotidae），从1961年到2004年处于不同的妊娠阶段，或者在被囚禁后不久就被构想出来，用于测试BSR偏倚的逆转，以此作为多种性别分配机制的证据。易位导致早孕（0％至0.19妊娠中86％的男性出生）和中孕期（0.2％至0.79妊娠中38％的男性）之间的统计学上显着的BSR逆转。人工饲养后，人工授精还会引起强烈的男性偏见（男性占67％）的BSR。结果表明，至少有两种性别分配机制依次起作用，证实了植入前后性别差异性胚胎死亡和应激在性别分配中的重要作用，并支持了植入前性别差异性糖代谢的建议。胚胎可能在兼性BSR调节中起作用。

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