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首页> 外文期刊>Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology: RTP >Some consequences of using cigarette machine smoking regimes with different intensities on smoke yields and their variability.
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Some consequences of using cigarette machine smoking regimes with different intensities on smoke yields and their variability.

机译：使用不同强度的卷烟机吸烟制度对烟产量及其变异性的一些后果。

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摘要

When smoking cigarettes under an intense regime with a combination of 100% ventilation blocking and high flow rates, as currently mandated by Health Canada, significant increases in filter temperatures and disproportionately high levels of mainstream smoke water and moisture accumulating in the spent filter were found when compared to other smoking regimes, especially for highly filter ventilated cigarettes. These effects have been reported to decrease cigarette firmness during the course of smoking, to alter filtration properties and efficiencies and to confound the measurement of particulate matter. The high filter temperatures generated also lead to significant amounts of vapour phase compounds desorbing from carbon filters and an over-estimation of the yields of these components. Less adsorption on or more desorption from carbon filters was found for compounds with the highest volatility. Therefore, yield data from the intense regime may not reflect the effectiveness of cigarette design features to reduce certain smoke components that occurs when products are smoked under conditions closer to those used by the majority of smokers in real world situations. In addition, a combination of these interacting factors may explain the worse level of between-laboratory reproducibility data for particulate matter measurement obtained during intense machine smoking. Among-laboratory data variability for vapour phase components, other than carbon monoxide, and for particulate phase components, other than nicotine, still needs to be evaluated in collaborative studies. Before proposing smoking regimes as tools to evaluate smoke emissions, it is essential to understand these various interacting factors and subsequent uncontrolled effects that such regimes can generate and the limitations of their use. These observations imply that higher tolerances may need to be set and taken into account when smoking under the intense regime before deciding that, for a given product, there are real differences between the yields determined in different laboratories.
机译：按照加拿大卫生部目前的要求，在严酷的条件下吸烟，并结合100％的通气阻塞和高流量，发现过滤嘴温度显着升高，而用过的过滤嘴中积聚的主流烟水和水分过高。与其他吸烟方式相比，尤其是过滤高度通风的香烟。据报道，这些作用降低了吸烟过程中香烟的坚挺度，改变了过滤特性和效率，并混淆了颗粒物的测量。产生的高过滤器温度还导致大量的气相化合物从碳过滤器中解吸，并高估了这些组分的产率。对于挥发性最高的化合物，发现其在碳过滤器上的吸附较少或解吸较多。因此，密集制的产量数据可能无法反映卷烟设计功能减少某些烟气成分的效果，这种烟气成分是在更接近现实世界中大多数吸烟者所使用的烟熏条件下吸烟时发生的。此外，这些相互作用因素的组合可能解释了在大量吸烟过程中获得的用于颗粒物测量的实验室间可再现性数据的较差水平。在实验室研究中，一氧化碳以外的气相成分和尼古丁以外的颗粒相成分之间的数据变异性仍需要在合作研究中进行评估。在提出将吸烟制度作为评估烟雾排放的工具之前，必须了解这些相互作用的因素以及这些制度可能产生的随后的不可控制的影响及其使用的局限性。这些观察结果表明，在强烟条件下吸烟时，可能需要设置更高的公差并加以考虑，然后再决定对于给定的产品，不同实验室确定的产量之间确实存在差异。

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