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首页> 外文期刊>Biological Theory: integrating development, evolution & cognition >Weak Emergence Drives the Science, Epistemology, and Metaphysics of Synthetic Biology
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Weak Emergence Drives the Science, Epistemology, and Metaphysics of Synthetic Biology

机译：弱小的出现推动了合成生物学的科学，认识论和形而上学

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Top-down synthetic biology makes partly synthetic cells by redesigning simple natural forms of life, and bottom-up synthetic biology aims to make fully synthetic cells using only entirely nonliving components. Within synthetic biology the notions of complexity and emergence are quite controversial, but the imprecision of key notions makes the discussion inconclusive. I employ a precise notion of weak emergent property, which is a robust characteristic of the behavior of complex bottom-up causal webs,where a complex causal web is one that is incompressible and its behavior cannot be derived except by crawling through all of the gory details of the interactions in the web. The central thesis of this article is that synthetic biology centrally is theactivity of engineering the desired weak emergent properties of synthetic cells. Synthetic biology has many different ways to engineer desired weak emergent properties of synthetic cells, including Edisonian trial and error, standardized parts, refactoring, and repro-gramming synthetic genomes. The article ends by noting two philosophical consequences of engineering weak emergence. One is epistemological: synthesis is crucial for discovering weak emergent properties. The other is metaphysical: simple life forms are nothing but complex chemical mechanisms.
机译：自上而下的合成生物学通过重新设计简单的自然生命形式来制造部分合成的细胞，而自下而上的合成生物学旨在仅使用完全无生命的成分来制造完全合成的细胞。在合成生物学中，关于复杂性和出现的概念颇有争议，但是关键概念的不精确性使讨论没有定论。我采用了一种精确的弱新兴属性的概念，这是复杂的自下而上的因果关系网行为的强大特征，其中复杂的因果关系网是不可压缩的，除非通过遍历所有血腥，否则无法得出其行为。网络中互动的详细信息。本文的中心论点是，合成生物学主要是工程化合成细胞所需的弱新兴特性的活动。合成生物学具有许多不同的方法来改造合成细胞所需的弱新兴特性，包括爱迪生试验和错误，标准化部件，重构和对合成基因组进行重新编程。本文最后指出了工程弱涌现的两个哲学后果。一种是认识论的：合成对于发现弱的紧急特性至关重要。另一个是形而上的：简单的生命形式不过是复杂的化学机制。

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