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首页> 外文期刊>Biological Theory: integrating development, evolution & cognition >Game Experiments on Cooperation Through Reward and Punishment
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Game Experiments on Cooperation Through Reward and Punishment

机译：奖惩合作的游戏实验

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Game experiments designed to test the effectiveness of reward and/or punishment incentives in promoting cooperative behavior among their participants are quite common. Results from two such recent experiments conducted in Beijing, based on the Prisoner’s Dilemma (PD) game and Public Goods Game respectively, are summarized here. The unexpected empirical outcomes for the repeated PD game, that cooperation actually decreased when the participants had the option of using a costly punishment strategy andthat participants who used costly punishment in some round of the repeated game often did so in the first round, are discussed in terms of differences in attitudes toward reputation in Chinese culture compared to other locations (mostly in Western society) where similar experiments have been conducted. The second experiment models an institution providing incentives to increase contribution levels (i.e., cooperation) to the public good. The results show that combined institutional reward and punishmentis the most effective means to increase cooperation, followed by a scheme using only punishment. It is shown how these empirical results are related to the theoretical predictions that assume players play rationally by optimizing their personal payoff given their opponents’ actions in these multi-player games.
机译：旨在测试奖励和/或惩罚激励措施在参与者之间促进合作行为有效性的游戏实验非常普遍。这里总结了最近在北京进行的两次这样的实验结果，分别基于囚徒困境游戏和公共物品游戏。重复的PD游戏的意想不到的经验结果是，当参与者可以选择使用昂贵的惩罚策略时，合作实际上减少了，而在重复游戏的某轮中使用昂贵的惩罚的参与者在第一轮中经常这样做，这是在以下内容中讨论的：与进行类似实验的其他地区（主要是西方社会）相比，中国文化对名誉的态度差异。第二个实验模拟了一个提供激励机制的机构，以提高对公共物品的贡献水平（即合作）。结果表明，制度上的奖惩结合是增加合作的最有效手段，其次是仅采用惩罚的方案。这些经验结果与理论预测如何相关，这些理论假设假设玩家在这些多人游戏中根据对手的行动来优化自己的个人支出，从而可以合理地进行游戏。

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