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Foxo1 in hepatic lipid metabolism.

机译:Foxo1参与肝脂质代谢。

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Under ordinary conditions, insulin suppresses hepatic glucose production while promoting lipid and triglyceride synthesis. Thus it remains paradoxical how hepatic insulin resistance can cause both hypergly-cemia and hyperlipidemia. Insulin receptor signals are transduced through the IRSl/2->PI3K->AKT cascade that phos-phorylates and inactivates the transcription factor FoxO1. Previous experiments suggest that IRS2 inhibits gluconeogenesis-in part through inhibition of FoxO1 and CREB binding protein (CBP)-whereas both IRS1 and IRS2 inhibit lipid oxidation-through the inhibition of FoxA2. This division of labor is thought to contribute to the hyperglycemia (inhibition of IRS2 signaling) and the paradoxical lipid accumulation (sustained IRS1 signaling) in type 2 diabetes. Regardless, recent work with genetically modified mice shows that both IRS1 and IRS2 are strong inhibitors of FoxO1, so another mechanism must explain the accumulation of triglyceride and free fatty acids in the liver of the insulin resistant and hyperglycemic mice.
机译:在正常条件下,胰岛素抑制肝葡萄糖生成,同时促进脂质和甘油三酸酯的合成。因此,肝胰岛素抵抗如何同时引起高糖血症和高脂血症仍然是矛盾的。胰岛素受体信号通过IRS1 / 2 /> PI3K-> AKT级联进行转导,该级联磷酸化并使转录因子FoxO1失活。先前的实验表明,IRS2部分通过抑制FoxO1和CREB结合蛋白(CBP)来抑制糖异生,而IRS1和IRS2都通过抑制FoxA2来抑制脂质氧化。这种分工被认为有助于2型糖尿病的高血糖症(抑制IRS2信号传导)和矛盾的脂质积聚(维持IRS1信号传导)。无论如何,最近对转基因小鼠的研究表明IRS1和IRS2都是FoxO1的强抑制剂,因此另一种机制必须解释胰岛素抵抗和高血糖小鼠肝脏中甘油三酸酯和游离脂肪酸的积累。

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