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首页> 外文期刊>Cell cycle >mTORC1 signals from late endosomes: Taking a TOR of the endocytic system.
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mTORC1 signals from late endosomes: Taking a TOR of the endocytic system.

机译：来自晚期内体的mTORC1信号：取内吞系统的TOR。

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摘要

The multi-component mTORCl complex integrates growth factor and nutrient signals to positively regulate protein synthesis and cell growth through its two major substrates, S6K1 and 4EBP1. Growth factors, such as insulin, activate mTORCl through a well established signaling pathway involving the class 1A PI-3 Kinase, Akt, the TSC1/2 complex, and the GTPase Rheb, which binds to and directly activates mTOR. Amino acids, on the other hand signal to mTORCl through mechanisms that are less well understood. A heterodimeric GTPase complex consisting of Rag A/B and Rag C/D was identified as playing an essential role in relaying amino acid signals to mTORCl. The Rag complex binds to Raptor, the defining component of mTORCl, but unlike Rheb, does not directly stimulate mTORCl activity. Instead, the Rag complex is required for the amino acid-stimulated translocation of mTORCl to a late endosomal compartment, presumably to facilitate interactions with Rheb.
机译：多组分mTORC1复合物通过其两个主要底物S6K1和4EBP1整合了生长因子和营养信号，以积极调节蛋白质的合成和细胞的生长。生长因子（例如胰岛素）通过一个完善的信号传导途径激活mTORC1，该信号传导途径涉及1A PI-3激酶，Akt，TSC1 / 2复合物和GTPase Rheb，后者与mTOR结合并直接活化。另一方面，氨基酸通过不太了解的机制向mTORC1发出信号。鉴定出由Rag A / B和Rag C / D组成的异二聚体GTP酶复合物在将氨基酸信号转导至mTORC1中起重要作用。 Rag复合物结合至mTORC1的定义成分猛禽，但与Rheb不同，它不直接刺激mTORC1活性。取而代之的是，Rag复合物是氨基酸刺激的mTORC1到内体后期区室转运所必需的，大概是为了促进与Rheb的相互作用。

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