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首页> 外文期刊>Cell cycle >TORC1 activation and autophagy inhibition: opposing forces in Rheb-driven tumorigenesis.
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TORC1 activation and autophagy inhibition: opposing forces in Rheb-driven tumorigenesis.

机译:TORC1激活和自噬抑制:Rheb驱动的肿瘤发生中的相反作用力。

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摘要

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant disorder with devastating clinical consequences that can begin in infancy, including tumors of the heart, brain and kidney. Lymphangioleiomyomatosis(LAM),the pulmonary manifestation of TSC, involves the diffuse proliferation of smooth muscle-like "LAM cells" with cystic lung destruction.TSC is caused by mutations in two tumor suppressor genes, TSC1, encoding hamartin, or TSC2, encoding tuberin. Hamartin is phosphorylated by cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) and the mitotic protein polo-like protein kinase 1 (Plkl) during cell cycle progression. Tuberin and hamartin form a complex that negatively regulates Rheb. Rheb activates mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1), which promotes protein translation via p70S6K and 4E-BP1 and inhibits autophagy via ULK1.Autophagy is an evolutionary conserved mechanism through which cells maintain energy homeostasis and recycle proteins and organelles. Autophagy is essential for normal development and is activated during bioenergetic stress. Autophagy can either promote or inhibit cell growth depending on context. Low levels of autophagy lead to accumulation of the signaling adaptor protein p62SQSTM1, which targets proteins to the autophagosome and activates cytokine production via multiple pathways.
机译:结节性硬化症(TSC)是常染色体显性遗传疾病,具有毁灭性的临床后果,可能始于婴儿期,包括心脏,脑和肾脏肿瘤。 TSC的肺部表现为淋巴管平滑肌瘤病(LAM),涉及平滑肌样“ LAM细胞”的弥漫性增殖,并伴有囊性肺破坏。TSC是由两个编码抑瘤素的TSC1或编码tube蛋白的TSC2突变引起的。 。 Hamartin在细胞周期进程中被细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶1(CDK1)和有丝分裂蛋白polo样蛋白激酶1(Plk1)磷酸化。 Tuberin和hamartin形成负调节Rheb的复合物。 Rheb激活了雷帕霉素复合物1(TORC1)的哺乳动物靶标,后者通过p70S6K和4E-BP1促进蛋白质翻译,并通过ULK1抑制自噬。自噬是一种进化保守的机制,细胞通过该机制维持能量稳态并回收蛋白质和细胞器。自噬对正常发育必不可少,并在生物能应激时被激活。自噬可以根据情况促进或抑制细胞生长。低水平的自噬导致信号转导蛋白p62SQSTM1的积累,该蛋白将蛋白质靶向自噬体并通过多种途径激活细胞因子的产生。

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