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miR-29b: A new demethylator in multiple myeloma

机译：miR-29b：多发性骨髓瘤中的新型去甲基剂

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摘要

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a heterogeneous disease originating from the transformation of a post-germinal center B cell. MM pathogenesis is a muitistep process with chromosomal changes, genetic and epigenetic events occurring at different stages during the course of the disease.MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are well known to be transcriptional repressors, possessing tumor suppressor (TS) or oncogenic function. They are involved in several signaling pathways affecting cell differentiation, proliferation, and development. miRNAs involvement in solid tumors and hematological malignancies has been well documented. Deregulated miRNAs and their interaction with factors with an established role in MM biology, such as p53, VEGF-A, NFkB, cyclins, and several other factors has been demonstrated in different stages of the disease. miRNAs expression can be epigenetically regulated by promoter hypermethylation and histone modifications, whereas they might target directly or indirectly the epigenetic machinery (epi-miRNAs). The miR-29 family members belong to the epi-miRNAs, as they directly affect DNA meth-yltransferase 3a/b (DNMT3a/b) expression.
机译：多发性骨髓瘤（MM）是起源于发芽后中心B细胞转化的异质性疾病。 MM发病机制是一个多发性过程，在疾病过程的不同阶段会发生染色体变化，遗传和表观遗传事件。众所周知，微小RNA（miRNA）是转录抑制因子，具有抑癌（TS）或致癌作用。它们参与影响细胞分化，增殖和发育的几种信号传导途径。 miRNA参与实体瘤和血液系统恶性肿瘤的研究已有充分记录。在疾病的不同阶段，已证实miRNA的失控及其与在MM生物学中已确立作用的因子（例如p53，VEGF-A，NFkB，细胞周期蛋白和其他几种因子）的相互作用。 miRNA的表达可以通过启动子的超甲基化和组蛋白修饰进行表观遗传调控，而它们可能直接或间接靶向表观遗传机制（epi-miRNA）。 miR-29家族成员属于epi-miRNA，因为它们直接影响DNA甲基转移酶3a ​​/ b（DNMT3a / b）的表达。

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