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首页> 外文期刊>Radiochemistry >Destructive Analysis of the Nuclide Composition of Spent Fuel of WWER-440, WWER-1000, and RBMK-1000 Reactors
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Destructive Analysis of the Nuclide Composition of Spent Fuel of WWER-440, WWER-1000, and RBMK-1000 Reactors

机译：WWER-440，WWER-1000和RBMK-1000反应堆乏燃料核素组成的破坏性分析

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摘要

The results of analysis of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) by destructive methods, carried out systematically at the Khlopin Radium Institute for over 20 years till the mid-1990s, are presented. These data constitute the experimental base for the development of nondestructive methods, correction of calculation programs, substantiation of correlation techniques of determination of individual components of SNF, and for some other purposes. The isotope compositions of U, Pu, Am, and Cm and the fuel burn-up values are presented for 81 SNF samples from WWER-440, WWER-1000, and RBMK-1000 reactors. The burn-up values are determined with ~(148)Nd, ~(145+146)Nd, and ~(137)Cs monitors. The utilized methods, including ion-exchange and distribution chromatography, electromigration, and coprecipitation, as well as alpha-ray spectrometry, luminescence analysis, and mass spectrometry, are briefly discussed. The principal method utilized is isotope dilution alpha-ray spectrometry or isotope dilution mass spectrometry. A number of isotopes certified as reference samples of different categories, prepared at the Radium Institute, served as spikes. A combination of these methods allows the isotope composition to be estimated accurately to within <=0.15percent for U, <=0.5percent for Pu, and 3-5percent for Am and Cm. The accumulated data set for the SNF from WWER and RBMK reactors is presented.
机译：提出了通过破坏性方法对乏核燃料（SNF）进行分析的结果，该结果在Khlopin Radium研究所系统地进行了20多年，直到1990年代中期为止。这些数据构成了开发非破坏性方法，校正计算程序，确定SNF各个成分的相关技术的证明以及用于某些其他目的的实验基础。列出了WWER-440，WWER-1000和RBMK-1000反应堆的81个SNF样品的U，Pu，Am和Cm的同位素组成以及燃料燃耗值。燃耗值由〜（148）Nd，〜（145 + 146）Nd和〜（137）Cs监视器确定。简要讨论了所使用的方法，包括离子交换和分布色谱，电迁移和共沉淀，以及α射线光谱，发光分析和质谱。所使用的主要方法是同位素稀释α射线光谱法或同位素稀释质谱法。在镭研究所（Radiium Institute）制备的许多被认证为不同类别参考样品的同位素被用作加标。这些方法的组合可以使同位素组成准确估算到U≤0.1％，Pu≤0.5％，Am和Cm 3-5％之内。介绍了来自WWER和RBMK反应堆的SNF的累积数据集。

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