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Deconvoluting mTOR biology

机译：去卷积mTOR生物学

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In metazoans, TOR is an essential protein that functions as a master regulator of cellular growth and proliferation. Over the past decade, there has been an explosion of information about this critical master kinase, ranging from the composition of the TOR protein complex to its ability to act as an integrator of numerous extracellular signals. Unfortunately, this plethora of information has also raised numerous questions regarding TOR function. Currently, the prevailing view is that mammalian TOR (mTOR) exists in at least two molecular complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, which are largely defined by the presence of either RAPTOR or RICTOR. However, additional co-factors have been identified for each complex, and their importance in mediating mTOR signals has been incompletely elucidated. Similarly, there are differences in mTOR function that reflect the tissue of origin. In this review, we present an alternative view to mTOR complex formation and function, which envisions mTOR regulation and signal propagation as a reflection of cell type- and basal state-dependent conditions. The re-interpretation of mTOR biology in this framework may facilitate the design of therapies most likely to effectively inhibit this central regulator of cell behavior.
机译：在后生动物中，TOR是一种必需蛋白，可作为细胞生长和增殖的主要调节剂。在过去的十年中，关于这种关键的主激酶的信息激增，范围从TOR蛋白复合物的组成到其作为众多细胞外信号的整合子的能力。不幸的是，大量的信息也提出了许多有关TOR功能的问题。目前，普遍的观点是哺乳动物TOR（mTOR）存在于至少两种分子复合物中，mTORC1和mTORC2，主要由RAPTOR或RICTOR的存在来定义。但是，已为每种复合物鉴定了其他辅因子，并且尚未完全阐明其在介导mTOR信号中的重要性。同样，mTOR功能也存在差异，反映出起源组织。在这篇综述中，我们提出了mTOR复合物形成和功能的另一种观点，它设想了mTOR调控和信号传播，反映了细胞类型和基础状态相关的状况。在此框架内对mTOR生物学的重新解释可能有助于设计最有可能有效抑制细胞行为中央调节器的疗法。

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