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首页> 外文期刊>Resuscitation. >Prehospital management of sarin nerve gas terrorism in urban settings: 10 years of progress after the Tokyo subway sarin attack.
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Prehospital management of sarin nerve gas terrorism in urban settings: 10 years of progress after the Tokyo subway sarin attack.

机译：城市环境中沙林神经毒气的院前管理：东京地铁沙林毒气袭击后的十年发展。

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摘要

Chemical agents have been used previously in wartime on numerous occasions, from World War I to the Gulf War. In 1994 and 1995, sarin nerve gas was used first in peacetime as a weapon of terrorism in Japan. The Tokyo subway sarin attack was the first large-scale disaster caused by nerve gas. A religious cult released sarin gas into subway commuter trains during morning rush hour. Twelve passengers died and about 5500 people were harmed. Sarin is a highly toxic nerve agent that can be fatal within minutes to hours. It causes the clinical syndrome of cholinergic hyperstimulation by inhibition of the crucial enzyme acetylcholinesterase. Therapy of nerve agent toxicity is divided into three categories, decontamination, respiratory support, and antidotes. All of these therapies may be given simultaneously. This article reviews toxicology and management of this acute chemical emergency. To help minimize the possible catastrophic impact on the public, we make several recommendations based on analysis of the Tokyo subway sarin attack and systematically review the current scientific literature.
机译：从第一次世界大战到海湾战争，以前在战时曾使用过多种化学试剂。在1994年和1995年，沙林神经毒气在和平时期首先被用作日本的恐怖主义武器。东京地铁沙林毒气袭击是由神经毒气引起的第一起大规模灾难。一名宗教信徒在早上高峰时段向地铁通勤列车释放了沙林毒气。十二名乘客死亡，约5500人受伤。沙林是一种剧毒的神经毒剂，可能在数分钟至数小时内致命。它通过抑制关键酶乙酰胆碱酯酶引起胆碱能过度刺激的临床综合征。神经制剂毒性的治疗分为三类：去污，呼吸支持和解毒剂。所有这些疗法可以同时给予。本文回顾了这种急性化学紧急情况的毒理学和管理。为了最大程度地减少对公众的灾难性影响，我们在对东京地铁沙林毒气袭击进行分析的基础上提出了一些建议，并系统地回顾了当前的科学文献。

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