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首页> 外文期刊>Reviews of environmental contamination and toxicology >Impact of soil properties on critical concentrations of cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, and mercury in soil and soil solution in view of ecotoxicological effects.
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Impact of soil properties on critical concentrations of cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, and mercury in soil and soil solution in view of ecotoxicological effects.

机译：考虑到生态毒理效应，土壤特性对土壤和土壤溶液中镉，铅，铜，锌和汞的临界浓度的影响。

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摘要

Risk assessment for metals in terrestrial ecosystems, including assessments of critical loads, requires appropriate critical limits for metal concentrations in soil and soil solution. This chapter presents an overview of methodologies used to derive critical (i) reactive and total metal concentrations in soils and (ii) free metal ion and total metal concentrations in soil solution for Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Hg, taking into account the effect of soil properties related to ecotoxicological effects. Most emphasis is given to the derivation of critical free and total metal concentrations in soil solution, using available NOEC soil data and transfer functions relating solid-phase and dissolved metal concentrations. This approach is based on the assumption that impacts on test organisms (plants, microorganisms, and soil invertebrates) are mainly related to the soil solution concentration (activity) and not to the soil solid-phase content. Critical Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Hg concentrations in soil solution vary withpH and DOC level. The results obtained are generally comparable to those derived for surface waters based on impacts to aquatic organisms. Critical soil metal concentrations, related to the derived soil solution limits, can be described as a function of pH and organic matter and clay content, and varying about one order of magnitude between different soil types.
机译：陆地生态系统中金属的风险评估，包括临界负荷的评估，要求对土壤和土壤溶液中的金属浓度设定适当的临界限值。本章概述了考虑到Cd，Pb，Cu，Zn和Hg的临界（i）土壤中的反应性金属和总金属浓度以及（ii）土壤溶液中的游离金属离子和总金属浓度的方法的概述土壤性质的影响与生态毒理作用有关。使用可用的NOEC土壤数据和涉及固相和溶解金属浓度的传递函数，最着重于推导土壤溶液中的临界自由金属和总金属浓度。该方法基于以下假设：对测试生物（植物，微生物和无脊椎动物）的影响主要与土壤溶液浓度（活性）有关，与土壤固相含量无关。土壤溶液中的临界Cd，Pb，Cu，Zn和Hg浓度随pH和DOC水平而变化。根据对水生生物的影响，所获得的结果通常可与地表水获得的结果相媲美。临界土壤金属浓度与衍生的土壤溶液极限有关，可以描述为pH，有机物和粘土含量的函数，并且在不同土壤类型之间变化大约一个数量级。

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