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首页> 外文期刊>Biological Conservation >Population management of threatened taxa in captivity within their natural ranges: Lessons from Andean bears (Tremarctos ornatus) in Venezuela
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Population management of threatened taxa in captivity within their natural ranges: Lessons from Andean bears (Tremarctos ornatus) in Venezuela

机译：在自然范围内圈养濒危类群的种群管理：委内瑞拉安第斯熊（Tremarctos ornatus）的教训

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摘要

Populations of threatened taxa in captivity within their natural ranges can make important contributions to conservation, but these may be compromised by the inappropriate application of population management goals developed in other contexts. We conducted demographic, genetic, and population viability analyses on the captive population of Andean bears (Tremarctos ornatus) in Venezuela to investigate the management of within-range captive populations in general, and to better integrate this population into the conservation of Andean bears in particular. We found that although the present population is very small and not internally self-sustaining, incorporation of confiscated wild individuals has resulted in a low average number of generations in captivity and low inbreeding, with moderate gene diversity and a high probability of future population persistence. However, past imports from extra-range populations have been from over-represented lineages of unknown origin, which have mixed with under-represented Venezuelan ones, reducing the future value of the Venezuelan population as a source for founder stock. Our analyses indicate that the rate of incorporation of wild recruits is a major factor influencing proxy measures of conservation value, and distinguishing within- from extra-range populations. This implies that, contrary to conventional wisdom, internal self-sustainability can be a misguided goal in within-range populations, which furthermore may not be suitable destinations for surplus animals from captive populations elsewhere.
机译：在自然范围内受威胁的濒危类群的种群可以对保护做出重要贡献，但是由于在其他情况下制定的种群管理目标的不适当应用，这些种群可能会受到损害。我们对委内瑞拉安第斯熊的圈养种群（Tremarctos ornatus）进行了人口，遗传和种群生存力分析，以调查一般范围内圈养种群的管理，并更好地将该种群纳入安第斯熊的保护中。我们发现，尽管目前的人口很小，而且内部不自我维持，但没收的野生个体的纳入导致圈养和近亲繁殖的平均世代数较低，基因多样性中等，未来人口持续存在的可能性很高。但是，过去从超范围人口中进口的产品是来自未知来源的代表性过剩的血统，再加上代表性不足的委内瑞拉血统，降低了委内瑞拉人口作为基础种群来源的未来价值。我们的分析表明，野生新兵的掺入率是影响保护价值的替代量度以及区分超范围种群的主要因素。这意味着，与传统观点相反，内部自我维持可能是范围内种群的一个错误目标，此外，它可能不适合其他地方圈养种群的过剩动物。

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