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首页> 外文期刊>RSC Advances >Kirkendall void formation and selective directional growth of urchin-like ZnO/Zn microspheres through thermal oxidation in air
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Kirkendall void formation and selective directional growth of urchin-like ZnO/Zn microspheres through thermal oxidation in air

机译：通过空气中的热氧化形成柯肯德尔空洞和类顽童型ZnO / Zn微球的定向生长

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摘要

Microparticles with nanostructures on the surface have the characteristics of nanomaterials, yet they avoid aggregation and dispersion problems due to the nature of the nanomaterials. We report a simple, cost-effective, catalyst-free, and scalable production of urchin-like ZnO/Zn microspheres through thermal oxidation from Zn microparticles at 350-550 degrees C in air for a period of 6-36 hours. The novel, urchin-like microspheres are composed of (from inner to outer): a hollow core, a thin-shell of Zn, a thick-shell of ZnO and ZnO nanowires grown radially on the surface with a tip diameter of 20 nm, with a high aspect ratio (length/diameter), and a high population density. In our study, the Kirkendall effect was proposed for the formation of the hollow core/void of the urchin-like microspheres. Selective directional growth of ZnO nanowires with (100) orientation, followed by interdiffusion and propagation of oxygen and zinc for the lengthening the ZnO nanowires, were proposed for the formation mechanism of the ZnO nanowires. Studies on the field emission properties of the microspheres show that the microspheric emitter has a low turn-on field of 2.2 V mu m(-1), a high field enhancement factor of 6804.8, a high luminance of 24 000 cd m(-2), and excellent luminance uniformity.
机译：表面具有纳米结构的微粒具有纳米材料的特性，但是由于纳米材料的性质，它们避免了聚集和分散的问题。我们报告了通过在350-550摄氏度的空气中从Zn微粒在空气中进行6-36小时的热氧化来简单，经济高效，无催化剂且可扩展地生产类似urchin状的ZnO / Zn微球。这种新颖的，类似于海胆的微球由（从内到外）由以下组成：空心，Zn的薄壳，ZnO的厚壳和在表面直径20 nm径向生长的ZnO纳米线，高纵横比（长度/直径）和高人口密度。在我们的研究中，提出了Kirkendall效应用于形成类似海胆的微球的空心/空洞。针对ZnO纳米线的形成机理，提出了以（100）取向的ZnO纳米线的选择性定向生长，然后氧和锌的相互扩散和扩散以延长ZnO纳米线的方法。对微球场发射特性的研究表明，微球发射器具有2.2 Vμm（-1）的低导通场，6804.8的高场增强因子，24000 cd m（-2）的高亮度），以及极好的亮度均匀性。

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