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Enhanced vacuum sensing performance of multiwalled carbon nanotubes: role of defects and carboxyl functionalization

机译：增强的多壁碳纳米管的真空感测性能：缺陷和羧基官能化的作用

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Defect controlled multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were synthesized using a new modified one step pyrolysis method using ferrocene and xylene as effective precursors. Growth was performed at different pyrolysis temperatures (770-970 degrees C). Morphological and structural characterization shows the formation of nanotubes with diameter and length of about 10-80 nm and 0.2 to 2.0 mu m, respectively. MWCNTs grown at 870 degrees C show a higher degree of graphitization (76%) with a lower defect density compared to other growth temperatures. Thermogravimetric and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results revealed the formation of nanotubes with good structural quality and a high quantity of carboxyl functional groups. The drop casted MWCNTs network based sensors were fabricated and studied for their vacuum sensing properties. MWCNTs grown at 870 degrees C show a vacuum sensitivity of 26%. MWCNT vacuum sensors showed excellent reversibility with fast response and recovery time (20 s) at room temperature. Our observations show that stopping the carrier flow in the MWCNTs using atmospheric oxygen adsorption at the carboxyl functional sites and subsequent desorption of oxygen during the vacuum decreases the sensor resistance. Investigations showed the presence of surface active carboxylic sites and that the nature of the (ordered and defective) stacking of graphite layers in the nanotubes determined the vacuum sensing characteristics.
机译：利用一种新的改良的一步法热解法，以二茂铁和二甲苯为有效前体，合成了缺陷控制的多壁碳纳米管（MWCNT）。在不同的热解温度（770-970摄氏度）下进行生长。形态和结构表征表明形成了直径和长度分别为约10-80nm和0.2至2.0μm的纳米管。与其他生长温度相比，在870摄氏度下生长的MWCNT表现出更高的石墨化程度（76％）和更低的缺陷密度。热重和傅里叶变换红外光谱结果表明，具有良好结构质量和大量羧基官能团的纳米管的形成。制造了基于滴铸的MWCNTs网络的传感器，并对其真空感测特性进行了研究。在870摄氏度下生长的MWCNT的真空灵敏度为26％。 MWCNT真空传感器具有出色的可逆性，在室温下具有快速响应和恢复时间（20 s）。我们的观察结果表明，使用大气中的氧在羧基官能位处的吸附来停止载流子在MWCNT中的流动，以及随后在真空中释放氧会降低传感器的电阻。研究表明存在表面活性羧酸位，并且纳米管中石墨层（有序和有缺陷的）堆叠的性质决定了真空传感特性。

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