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Improved supercapacitive charge storage in electrospun niobium doped titania nanowires

机译:改进的静电纺铌掺杂二氧化钛纳米线中的超电容电荷存储

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Supercapacitors are emerging as a desirable energy storage medium in view of their order of magnitude higher power density than batteries and energy density than electronic capacitors. One of the key issues in the development of a suitable electrode material for supercapacitors is that materials showing large specific capacitance are poorly abundant. In this paper, we show that niobium doped titanium dioxide (Nb:TiO2) nanowires developed by electrospinning have an order of magnitude higher capacitance (similar to 280 F g(-1)) than pristine TiO2 (similar to 40 F g(-1)) or zirconium doped TiO2 (similar to 30 F g(-1)). The cyclic voltammetry and charge discharge cycling experiments show that the Nb:TiO2 nanowires have 100% coulombic efficiency and could be operated over 5000 cycles without any appreciable capacitance degradation. The superior charge storage capability of the Nb:TiO2 is assigned to its high electrical conductivity as determined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. A practical supercapacitor is fabricated in asymmetric configuration using the Nb:TiO2 as anode and activated carbon as cathode. The device delivered energy densities of 16.3, 11.4 and 5.6 W h kg(-1) at power densities of 770, 1310, and 1900 W kg(-1), respectively. These values are much superior than a control device fabricated using activated carbon as its both electrodes.
机译:鉴于超级电容器的功率密度比电池高以及能量密度比电子电容器高几个数量级,因此超级电容器正在成为一种理想的能量存储介质。在开发用于超级电容器的合适电极材料中的关键问题之一是显示大比电容的材料贫乏。在本文中,我们表明通过电纺丝开发的掺杂铌的二氧化钛(Nb:TiO2)纳米线的电容(类似于280 F g(-1))比原始TiO2(类似于40 F g(-1))高一个数量级。 )或掺锆的TiO2(类似于30 F g(-1))。循环伏安法和电荷放电循环实验表明,Nb:TiO2纳米线具有100%的库伦效率,可以在5000个循环内运行,而不会出现明显的电容降级。 Nb:TiO2优异的电荷存储能力归因于其高电导率,如通过电化学阻抗谱确定的。以Nb:TiO2为阳极,活性炭为阴极,以不对称结构制造实用的超级电容器。该设备在770、1310和1900 W kg(-1)的功率密度下分别提供了16.3、11.4和5.6 W h kg(-1)的能量密度。这些值比使用活性炭作为其两个电极制造的控制装置要优越得多。

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