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Cotton-based porous activated carbon with a large specific surface area as an electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors

机译:具有大比表面积的棉基多孔活性炭作为高性能超级电容器的电极材料

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摘要

Cotton-based porous activated carbons (CACs) are prepared through a simple chemical activation method using cotton fiber as carbon source and ZnCl2 as activating agent. Powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and N-2 adsorption-desorption tests demonstrate that the carbons activated with different amounts of ZnCl2 have a large number of mesopores, notably, a maximum specific surface area of 2548.6 m(2) g(-1) and ultrahigh pore volume of 1.54 cm(3) g(-1) for CAC2 sample are obtained when the cotton/ZnCl2 mass ratio is 1 : 2. As an electrode material for supercapacitors, the CAC2 possesses a high specific capacitance of 239 F g(-1) at 0.5 A g(-1) and good rate capability (82% capacitance retention even at 8 A g(-1)) in 2 mol L-1 KOH aqueous electrolyte. Moreover, the as-assembled CAC2//CAC2 symmetric supercapacitor exhibits a high energy density of 13.75 Wh kg(-1) at a power density of 225 W kg(-1) operated at the voltage range of 0 to 1.8 V in 0.5 mol L-1 Na2SO4 aqueous electrolyte and an excellent cyclability retaining about 93% initial capacitance after 5000 cycles.
机译:棉基多孔活性炭(CAC)是通过简单的化学活化方法,以棉纤维为碳源和ZnCl2为活化剂制备的。粉末X射线衍射,扫描电子显微镜和N-2吸附-脱附测试表明,用不同量的ZnCl2活化的碳具有大量的中孔,特别是最大比表面积为2548.6 m(2)g( -1)和当棉花/ ZnCl2的质量比为1:2时获得的CAC2样品的超高孔体积为1.54 cm(3)g(-1)。作为超级电容器的电极材料,CAC2具有高的比电容在2 mol L-1 KOH水性电解液中,在0.5 A g(-1)时的239 F g(-1)和良好的倍率能力(即使在8 A g(-1)时,也具有良好的倍率能力(82%的电容保持率))。此外,组装的CAC2 // CAC2对称超级电容器在0.5 mol的电压范围为0至1.8 V时,在功率密度为225 W kg(-1)的情况下表现出13.75 Wh kg(-1)的高能量密度L-1 Na2SO4水性电解质和出色的循环性在5000次循环后仍可保持约93%的初始电容。

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