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Synergistic effect of microwave irradiation and conjugated polymeric catalyst in the facile degradation of dyes

机译：微波辐射与共轭聚合催化剂在染料快速降解中的协同作用

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Microwave-enhanced photodegradation of dyes is one of the emerging and promising technologies for waste water remediation. Microwaves effectively accelerate photocatalytic degradation, but only in the presence of a suitable photocatalyst such as TiO2, ZnO and also when a microwave electrodeless lamp (MEL) substitutes a traditional lamp as a light source. As the existing inorganic photocatalysts have been proven to be potentially toxic to the aquatic environment, this remediation technique can be extremely simplified if the photocatalyst can be replaced by a benign catalyst which can work under microwave irradiation in the absence of any external light source. In the present study, an attempt is made for the first time to degrade and mineralize Orange G (OG) dye in a laboratory microwave oven at 30 degrees C, using an organic catalyst, poly(1-naphthylamine) (PNA), a conjugated polymer synthesized by an enzymatic method. PNA was characterized by relevant experimental techniques. The degradation was carried out by exposing the OG dye solutions to microwave irradiation for different time intervals in the absence of UV-vis radiation and TiO2. PNA as a catalyst was found to enhance the dye degradation under microwave irradiation by almost two times as compared to its degradation under microwave irradiation alone. 100 ppm of OG dye solution was found to degrade up to 90% in 20 min at 30 degrees C in the presence of PNA. The same solution revealed mineralization up to 85% in 40 min as confirmed by the total organic content (TOC) analysis. With the help of LC-MS, seven intermediates were identified ranging between m/z 227 and m/z 97, on the basis of which a tentative degradation pathway for the dye has been proposed. Dye degradation in the presence of PNA as a microwave catalyst under the present experimental setup was found to yield results better than other photocatalytic or microwave-assisted photocatalytic degradation methods.
机译：微波增强染料的光降解是废水修复的新兴技术之一。微波有效地加速了光催化降解，但仅在合适的光催化剂（例如TiO2，ZnO）存在下，以及在微波无极灯（MEL）代替传统灯作为光源时，微波才有效地加速光催化降解。由于已证明现有的无机光催化剂对水生环境可能具有毒性，因此，如果可以用良性催化剂代替光催化剂，而该光催化剂可以在无任何外部光源的情况下在微波辐射下工作，则可以大大简化这种修复技术。在本研究中，首次尝试使用有机催化剂聚（1-萘胺）（PNA）在30摄氏度的实验室微波炉中降解和矿化Orange G（OG）染料。通过酶法合成的聚合物。通过相关的实验技术来表征PNA。通过在不存在紫外线可见辐射和TiO2的情况下将OG染料溶液暴露于微波辐射不同的时间间隔来进行降解。与仅在微波辐射下降解PNA相比，发现PNA作为催化剂可将染料降解增强近两倍。发现在PNA存在下，在30°C下20分钟内100 ppm OG染料溶液可降解高达90％。通过总有机物含量（TOC）分析确认，同一溶液在40分钟内显示高达85％的矿化度。借助LC-MS，鉴定了m / z 227和m / z 97之间的七个中间体，在此基础上，提出了染料的初步降解途径。发现在本实验设置下，在存在作为微波催化剂的PNA的情况下，染料的降解比其他光催化或微波辅助的光催化降解方法产生的结果更好。

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