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首页> 外文期刊>RSC Advances >Optimizing supercapacitor electrode density: achieving the energy of organic electrolytes with the power of aqueous electrolytes
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Optimizing supercapacitor electrode density: achieving the energy of organic electrolytes with the power of aqueous electrolytes

机译：优化超级电容器电极密度：利用水性电解质的功能实现有机电解质的能量

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摘要

The value of electrode density is often overlooked in the pursuit of impressive supercapacitor metrics. Low-density electrodes deliver the best performance in terms of gravimetric energy and power densities when only the mass of the electrodes is considered. However, energy and power values with respect to the total system mass (electrode + electrolyte) or volume are more meaningful for practical application. Low-density electrodes are impractical due to both large mass contributions by the electrolyte and large system volumes. Here, we use highly compressible graphene aerogel electrodes (up to 87.5% volumetric compression) to systematically characterize the effects of electrode density on energy and power metrics. The results reveal that electrode density is similar to electrode thickness in that both parameters have a squared effect on power. Accounting for the aqueous electrolyte's mass lowered the gravimetric energy and power by almost an order of magnitude for 0.144 g cm(-3) dense carbon electrodes but only by a factor of 1.5 when the electrode density was increased to 1.15 g cm(-3) through compression. The high-density electrodes achieve 8 W h kg(-1), 70 000 W kg(-1), and 144 F cm(-3) in a symmetric electrode setup after factoring in the aqueous electrolyte's mass. Therefore, in the pursuit of high energy per mass, it can be just as effective to lower the system's mass with smaller electrolyte fractions as it is to use electrolytes with larger voltage ranges. High electrode densities allow aqueous electrolyte supercapacitors to attain energy densities per the system mass comparable to those of commercially-available organic electrolyte supercapacitors while maintaining 10-100x greater power.
机译：在追求令人印象深刻的超级电容器指标时，电极密度的值通常被忽略。当仅考虑电极的质量时，就重量能量和功率密度而言，低密度电极可提供最佳性能。但是，相对于总系统质量（电极+电解质）或体积的能量和功率值对于实际应用更为有意义。由于电解质的大量质量贡献和较大的系统体积，低密度电极是不切实际的。在这里，我们使用高度可压缩的石墨烯气凝胶电极（体积压缩高达87.5％）来系统地表征电极密度对能量和功率指标的影响。结果表明，电极密度与电极厚度相似，因为这两个参数对功率都有平方影响。考虑到水性电解质的质量，对于0.144 g cm（-3）的致密碳电极，重量能量和功率降低了几乎一个数量级，但是当电极密度增加到1.15 g cm（-3）时，重量和能量仅降低了1.5倍。通过压缩。在考虑了水性电解质的质量后，在对称电极设置中，高密度电极可达到8 W h kg（-1），70000 W kg（-1）和144 F cm（-3）。因此，在追求每质量的高能量时，使用较小的电解质分数来降低系统质量与使用较大电压范围的电解质一样有效。高电极密度使水性电解质超级电容器的单位系统质量达到的能量密度与市售有机电解质超级电容器的能量密度相当，同时保持10-100倍的更大功率。

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