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首页> 外文期刊>Cell death and differentiation >Danger signalling during cancer cell death: Origins, plasticity and regulation
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Danger signalling during cancer cell death: Origins, plasticity and regulation

机译：癌细胞死亡过程中的危险信号：起源，可塑性和调控

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摘要

Accumulating data indicates that following anti-cancer treatments, cancer cell death can be perceived as immunogenic or tolerogenic by the immune system. The former is made possible due to the ability of certain anti-cancer modalities to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) that is associated with the emission of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which assist in unlocking a sequence of events leading to the development of anti-tumour immunity. In response to ICD inducers, activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been identified to be indispensable to confer the immunogenic character of cancer cell death, due to its ability to coordinate the danger signalling pathways responsible for the trafficking of vital DAMPs and subsequent anti-cancer immune responses. However, in recent times, certain processes apart from ER stress have emerged (e.g., autophagy and possibly viral response-like signature), which have the ability to influence danger signalling. In this review, we discuss the molecular nature, emerging plasticity in the danger signalling mechanisms and immunological impact of known DAMPs in the context of immunogenic cancer cell death. We also discuss key effector mechanisms modulating the interface between dying cancer cells and the immune cells, which we believe are crucial for the therapeutic relevance of ICD in the context of human cancers, and also discuss the influence of experimental conditions and animal models on these.
机译：越来越多的数据表明，经过抗癌治疗后，免疫系统可以将癌细胞死亡视为免疫原性或耐受性。前者之所以成为可能，是因为某些抗癌模式能够诱导免疫原性细胞死亡（ICD），而这种死亡与损伤相关分子模式（DAMPs）的释放有关，后者有助于解锁导致事件发生的一系列事件。发展抗肿瘤免疫力。响应ICD诱导剂，内质网（ER）应激的激活被认为是赋予癌细胞死亡的免疫原性必不可少的，因为它能够协调负责运输重要DAMP和随后的抗DAMP的危险信号通路-癌症免疫反应。但是，近来出现了除内质网应激之外的某些过程（例如自噬和可能的病毒反应样信号），它们具有影响危险信号的能力。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了在免疫原性癌细胞死亡的背景下，分子性质，危险信号传导机制中的可塑性以及已知DAMP的免疫学影响。我们还讨论了调节死亡的癌细胞和免疫细胞之间的界面的关键效应器机​​制，我们认为这对于在人类癌症中对ICD的治疗意义至关重要，并且还讨论了实验条件和动物模型对此的影响。

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