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首页> 外文期刊>Revista de Chimie >Energy, Work, Heat and Efficiency in Processes with Gases, Viscous and Viscoelastic Liquids and Solids II. Energy, work, heat and efficiency in viscous and viscoelastic liquids and in solids
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Energy, Work, Heat and Efficiency in Processes with Gases, Viscous and Viscoelastic Liquids and Solids II. Energy, work, heat and efficiency in viscous and viscoelastic liquids and in solids

机译：气体，粘性，粘弹性液体和固体过程中的能量，功，热和效率II。粘性和粘弹性液体以及固体中的能量，功，热和效率

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摘要

We present a unitary thermodynamic approach in the treatment of deformation and flow processes in: viscous and elastic liquids andinsolids. The formulae for work and heat interactions (exchanged in these processes) are deduced, and a comparison between them is made, in order to illustrate the similarities and differences (particularities):-forpurely viscous liquids (with linearandnonlinear behaviour)--for viscoelastic liquids in flowing;-for solids (with linear and nonlinear behaviour), in the case of using engineering concepts or natural concepts (for mechanical stress and strain). Electrical conductors (made from solid materials) are studied also from the point of view of work and heat interactions. The influence of the concepts used in the cases of matter deformation or fluid flow on the formulae of work and heat is studied. The need to express correlations between causes (stress) and effects (strain, shear strain or strain rate), depending on the way the effects have been determined (calculations or measurements) is emphasized. The numerical examples show how the results obtained in the paper may be practically used.
机译：我们提出一种统一的热力学方法来处理变形和流动过程：粘性和弹性液体及固体。推导了工作和热相互作用的公式（在这些过程中进行了交换），并进行了比较，以说明相似点和不同点（特殊性）：-粘稠液体（具有线性和非线性行为）-用于粘弹性液体流动;-对于固体（具有线性和非线性行为），如果使用工程概念或自然概念（对于机械应力和应变）。还从工作和热相互作用的角度研究了电导体（由固体材料制成）。研究了物质变形或流体流动情况下使用的概念对功和热公式的影响。强调了根据结果确定（计算或测量）的方式来表达原因（应力）和结果（应变，剪切应变或应变率）之间的相关性的需要。数值示例说明了如何实际使用本文中获得的结果。

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