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首页> 外文期刊>Occupational and environmental medicine >Incidence of asthma in female Swedish hairdressers.
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Incidence of asthma in female Swedish hairdressers.

机译：瑞典女性美发师的哮喘发病率。

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk of asthma in hairdressers. METHODS: The incidence of asthma was retrospectively estimated in a Swedish nationwide study including all female hairdressers certified from vocational schools from 1970 to 1995, and a stratified sample of women from the general population were referents. A postal questionnaire included questions on respiratory tract symptoms, atopy, smoking, working periods as a hairdresser, and number of specific hair treatments performed/week. Reported exposures were validated by occupational hygienists. Rate ratios of incidence (IRRs) of asthma were estimated by Poisson regression, adjusted for calendar year of observation, hay fever, smoking, and region of domicile. RESULTS: The crude incidences of asthma/1000 person-years were: 3.9 during active years as a hairdresser, 2.8 among the hairdressers when not working in the profession, and 3.1 among the referents. The corresponding IRR for being an active hairdresser compared with the referents was 1.3 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.0 to 1.6). Moderate effects on risk of asthma were found both from hairdressing work (IRR=1.6 (1.1 to 2.2) among never-smokers) and from smoking (IRR=1.6 (1.2 to 2.2) among referents). However, the combined effect from hairdressing work and smoking (IRR=1.5 (1.0 to 2.1)) was less than expected (p=0.02). No effect modification by respiratory atopy was found. The hairdressers most often performing hair bleaching treatments (IRR=1.5 (0.7 to 3.0)) or using hair spray (IRR=1.4 (0.8 to 2.4)) had, compared with the most infrequent users, a slightly, but not significantly higher incidence of asthma. Exposure to persulphates in hair bleach was estimated to be 0.04-0.15 mg/m(3) during mixing of the powder. Reported average number of bleaching treatments agreed well with those performed according to a diary. CONCLUSIONS: Active hairdressing work was associated with a moderately increased incidence of asthma among lifelong non-smokers. The results are moderately supportive, but not conclusive, of associations between asthma and exposure to hair bleach or hair spray.
机译：目的：探讨美发师哮喘的风险。方法：瑞典的一项全国性研究回顾性评估了哮喘的发生率，该研究包括从1970年至1995年获得职业学校认证的所有女性美发师，并且是从总体人群中分层收集的女性样本。一份邮政调查表包括有关呼吸道症状，特应性疾病，吸烟，作为美发师的工作时间以及每周进行的特定头发处理次数的问题。报告的接触量已由职业卫生学家验证。通过Poisson回归估算哮喘发生率（IRR），并根据观察日历年，花粉症，吸烟和住所区域进行调整。结果：每1000人年的哮喘的粗发率是：从事美发活动的活跃年为3.9，非从事该职业的发廊的为2.8，而从业人员中的为3.1。与参考对象相比，活跃的理发师的相应IRR为1.3（95％置信区间（95％CI）为1.0至1.6）。美发工作（从不吸烟者中IRR = 1.6（1.1至2.2））和吸烟（参考对象中IRR = 1.6（1.2至2.2））均发现了对哮喘风险的中度影响。但是，美发工作和吸烟的综合影响（IRR = 1.5（1.0至2.1））低于预期（p = 0.02）。未发现通过呼吸异位症改变作用。与最不频繁的使用者相比，最经常进行头发漂白治疗（IRR = 1.5（0.7至3.0））或使用喷发剂（IRR = 1.4（0.8至2.4））的美发师的发炎率稍高但不明显哮喘。在混合粉末期间，染发剂中过硫酸盐的暴露量估计为0.04-0.15 mg / m（3）。报告的平均漂白处理次数与根据日记进行的漂白处理非常吻合。结论：终生不吸烟者积极进行美发工作与哮喘发病率适度增加有关。结果对哮喘与接触头发漂白剂或喷发剂之间的关联具有中等程度的支持，但不是结论性的。

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