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Landfill sites and congenital anomalies - have we moved forward?

机译：垃圾填埋场和先天性异常-我们前进了吗？

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Elliott et al (see page 84) report the findings of a spatial analysis examining the risk of congenital anomalies in relation to the density of landfill sites within 2 km of birth locations across 5 x5 km grid squares in England. They observe significantly raised risks for some anomalies (cardiovascular defects, hypospadias) in areas classified with a higher density of sites destined to receive special (hazardous) waste; no significant excess risks were found for non-special (mainly domestic) waste sites. The data used for this study are similar to those used in a previous nationwide landfill study published in 20012; the current publication does not include Scotland and Wales. The main difference between the two studies is that the current study uses "landfill density" as an exposure indicator to account for residence near more than one site, whereas the 2001 study merely evaluated residence within 2 km of any site. Results are similar: in neither study does a clear pattern of excess risk emerge and the few excess risks reported are small and therefore difficult to distinguish from bias factors. The question is whether this study brings us any closer to resolving questions regarding the causality of a relationship between residence near landfills and congenital anomalies
机译：Elliott等人（请参见第84页）报告了一项空间分析的结果，该分析检查了在英格兰5 x5 km网格正方形上与出生位置2 km内的垃圾填埋场密度相关的先天性异常风险。他们发现，在分类较高的场所中，某些异常（心血管缺陷，尿道下裂）的发生风险显着增加，这些场所注定会接收特殊（危险）废物;对于非特殊（主要是家庭）垃圾场，没有发现明显的额外风险。该研究使用的数据与20012年发布的先前全国垃圾填埋研究中使用的数据相似;当前出版物不包括苏格兰和威尔士。两项研究之间的主要区别在于，当前的研究使用“垃圾填埋密度”作为暴露指标来说明一个以上地点附近的住宅，而2001年的研究仅评估了任何地点2公里以内的住宅。结果相似：在两项研究中，都没有明确的过度风险模式出现，并且报告的极少数过度风险很小，因此很难与偏见因素区分开。问题是这项研究是否使我们更接近解决关于垃圾填埋场附近居民与先天性异常之间的因果关系的问题

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