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首页> 外文期刊>Occupational and environmental medicine >A case-crossover study of transient risk factors for occupational acute hand injury.
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A case-crossover study of transient risk factors for occupational acute hand injury.

机译：职业性急性手部损伤的暂时危险因素的病例交叉研究。

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BACKGROUND: Workers with acute hand injuries account for over 1 000 000 emergency department visits annually in the United States. AIMS: To determine potential transient risk factors for occupational acute hand injury. METHODS: Subjects were recruited from 23 occupational health clinics in five northeastern states in the USA. In a telephone interview, subjects were asked to report the occurrence of seven potential risk factors within a 90-minute time period before an acute hand injury. Each case also provided control information on exposures during the month before the injury. The self-matched feature of the study design controlled for stable between-person confounders. RESULTS: A total of 1166 subjects were interviewed (891 men, 275 women), with a mean age (SD) of 37.2 years (11.4). The median time interval between injury and interview was 1.3 days. Sixty three per cent of subjects had a laceration. The relative risk of a hand injury was increased when working with equipment, tools, or work pieces not performing as expected (11.0, 95% CI 9.4 to 12.8), or when using a different work method to do a task (10.5, 95% CI 8.7 to 12.7). Other transient factors in decreasing order of relative risk were doing an unusual task, being distracted, and being rushed. Wearing gloves reduced the relative risk by 60% (0.4, 95% CI 0.3 to 0.5). Occupational category, job experience, and safety training were found to alter several of these effects. CONCLUSION: The results suggest the importance of these transient, potentially modifiable factors in the aetiology of acute hand injury at work. Attempts to modify these exposures by various strategies may reduce the incidence of acute hand injury at work.
机译：背景：在美国，每年有超过1百万人因手部严重受伤而接受急诊服务。目的：确定职业性急性手部损伤的潜在暂时危险因素。方法：受试者来自美国东北部五个州的23家职业健康诊所。在电话采访中，受试者被要求报告在急性手部受伤前90分钟内七种潜在危险因素的发生情况。每个案例还提供了受伤前一个月的暴露控制信息。研究设计的自我匹配功能可控制稳定的人际混杂因素。结果：共采访了1166名受试者（男性891名，女性275名），平均年龄（SD）为37.2岁（11.4）。伤害与访谈之间的中位时间间隔为1.3天。百分之六十三的受试者有割伤感。当使用设备，工具或不按预期工作的工件进行工作时，手部受伤的相对风险增加（11.0，95％CI 9.4至12.8），或者使用其他工作方法完成任务（10.5，95％） CI 8.7至12.7）。其他以相对风险降序排列的瞬态因素正在完成一项不寻常的任务，分心和奔忙。戴手套可以将相对风险降低60％（0.4，95％CI 0.3至0.5）。发现职业类别，工作经验和安全培训可以改变其中的几种影响。结论：这些结果表明这些短暂的，潜在可改变的因素在工作中急性手外伤的病因中具有重要意义。尝试通过各种策略改变这些暴露程度可以减少工作中急性手部受伤的发生率。

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