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首页> 外文期刊>Occupational and environmental medicine >Does living near a constellation of petrochemical, steel, and other industries impair health?
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Does living near a constellation of petrochemical, steel, and other industries impair health?

机译：居住在石化，钢铁和其他行业附近是否会损害健康？

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OBJECTIVES: To investigate concern that local industrial air pollution in Teesside, England, was causing poor health, several areas there were compared with parts of the City of Sunderland. METHODS: Populations in similar social and economic circumstances but varying in their proximity to major industries were compared. Study populations lived in 27 housing estates in Teesside and Sunderland, north east England, with some data from subsets of estates. The estates were aggregated into zones (designated as A, B, and C in Teesside where A is closest to and C furthest from industry, and S in Sunderland). Zone S provided a reference area. The hypothesis was that a health gradient both within Teesside (A > B > C) and between Teesside and Sunderland (ABC > S) would indicate a possible health effect of local industrial air pollution. Data presented were: mortality (1981-91) from 27 housing estates; population self completion questionnaire survey data (1993, 9115 subjects) from 15 housing estates; and general practitioner (GP) consultation data (1989-94) from 2201 subjects in 12 Teesside estates. RESULTS: The populations in the four zones were comparable for indicators including smoking habits, residential histories, and unemployment. All cause and cause specific mortalities were high compared with England and Wales. Mortality in all Teesside zones (ABC) combined was mostly higher than in zone S. In people aged 0-64, lung cancer and respiratory disease showed gradients with highest mortality in areas closest to industry (A > B > C and ABC > S). The association was clearest for lung cancer in women (0-64 years old, trend across zones ABC, p = 0.07, directly standardised rate ratio relative to zone S was 169 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 116-122)). There were no important, consistent gradients in the hypothesised direction between zones in consultation rates in general practice, and self reported respiratory and nonrespiratory health including asthma. CONCLUSIONS: There was no clear evidence that living close to industry was associated with morbidity, including asthma, or for most measures of mortality. For lung cancer in women the gradients indicated a health effect of local industrial air pollution. In the age group 0-64 observed gradients in lung cancer in men and mortality from respiratory disease in men and women were consistent with the study hypothesis, although not significant. The reasons for the different patterns at different ages, and between men and women, remain a puzzle.
机译：目的：为了调查人们对英格兰提赛德市的局部工业空气污染造成健康状况的担忧，将那里的一些地区与桑德兰市的部分地区进行了比较。方法：比较了处于相似社会和经济环境但与主要产业的距离不同的人口。研究人口居住在英格兰东北部Teesside和Sunderland的27个屋苑中，一些数据来自屋苑子集。这些产业被聚集到不同的区域（在Teesside中被标记为A，B和C，其中A与工业最接近，距离C最远，在Sunderland被称为S）。 S区提供了参考区域。假设是，蒂赛德内部（A> B> C）以及蒂赛德和桑德兰之间（ABC> S）的健康梯度均表明局部工业空气污染可能对健康产生影响。所提供的数据是：27个住房的死亡率（1981-91年）;来自15个屋苑的人口自我完成问卷调查数据（1993年，9115名受试者）;以及来自Teesside 12个村的2201位受试者的全科医生（GP）咨询数据（1989-94）。结果：四个区域的人口在包括吸烟习惯，居住历史和失业率在内的指标上具有可比性。与英格兰和威尔士相比，所有死因和死因都很高。所有Teesside区（ABC）的死亡率总和都高于S区。在0-64岁的人群中，肺癌和呼吸系统疾病的梯度在最接近工业的地区死亡率最高（A> B> C和ABC> S） 。女性肺癌的关联性最明显（0-64岁，ABC区域趋势，p = 0.07，相对于S区域的直接标准化比率为169（95％置信区间（95％CI）116-122）） 。在一般实践中，按咨询比例在区域之间的假设方向上没有重要的，一致的梯度，并且自我报告的呼吸和非呼吸健康（包括哮喘）也是如此。结论：没有明确的证据表明，接近工业生活与发病率（包括哮喘）或大多数死亡率有关。对于女性肺癌，梯度表明局部工业空气污染对健康有影响。在0-64岁年龄组中，观察到的男性肺癌梯度和男性和女性呼吸道疾病的死亡率与研究假设相符，尽管并不显着。在不同年龄以及男女之间出现不同模式的原因仍然令人困惑。

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