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首页> 外文期刊>Occupational and environmental medicine >Mortality among shipyard Coast Guard workers: a retrospective cohort study.
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Mortality among shipyard Coast Guard workers: a retrospective cohort study.

机译：造船厂海岸警卫队工人的死亡率：一项回顾性队列研究。

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BACKGROUND: The mortality experience of 4702 (4413 men and 289 women) civilian workers in a US Coast Guard shipyard was evaluated. METHODS: All workers employed at the shipyard between 1 January 1950 and 31 December 1964 were included in the study and were followed through 31 December 2001 for vital status. Detailed shipyard and lifetime work histories found in the shipyard personnel records and job descriptions were evaluated. Workers were classified as likely exposed to any potential hazardous substances. In addition, 20 job groups were created on likely similar exposures. Standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated based on the general population of the state and adjusted for age, calendar period, sex and race. RESULTS: The follow-up was successful for 93.3% of the workers. Among all men employed in the shipyard, there was an excess of mortality from all causes of death (SMR 1.08; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.12), respiratory cancers (SMR 1.29; 95% CI 1.15 to 1.43), lung cancer (SMR 1.26; 95% CI 1.12 to 1.41), mesothelioma (SMR 5.07; 95% CI 1.85 to 11.03) and emphysema (SMR 1.44; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.99) and a decrease for cardiovascular diseases (OR 0.95; 95% CI 0.90 to 1.00), vascular lesions of the central nervous system (SMR 0.80; 95% CI 0.67 to 0.96), cirrhosis of the liver (SMR 0.38; 95% CI 0.25 to 0.57) and external causes of death (SMR 0.55; 95% CI 0.44 to 0.68). A similar pattern was observed for the men classified as exposed. No increasing trend of mortality was found with duration of employment in the shipyard, with the exception of mesothelioma (SMRs of 4.23 and 6.27 for <10 years and > or =10 years, respectively). In occupations with at least three cases and with an SMR of > or =1.3, the authors observed a significantly elevated mortality for lung cancer among machinists (SMR 1.60; 95% CI 1.08 to 2.29) and shipfitters, welders and cutters (SMR 1.34; 95% CI 1.07 to 1.65) and for oral and nasopharyngeal cancers among wood workers (SMR 6.20; 95% CI 2.27 to 13.50). CONCLUSION: Employment in this Coast Guard shipyard revealed a small but significant excess mortality from all causes, lung cancer and mesothelioma, most of which is probably related to asbestos exposure.
机译：背景：评估了美国海岸警卫队造船厂的4702名（4413名男性和289名女性）文职人员的死亡率。方法：研究纳入了1950年1月1日至1964年12月31日期间在该船厂受雇的所有工人，并一直追踪到2001年12月31日以维持生命状态。评估了船厂人员记录和职务说明中详细的船厂和终身工作历史。工人被分类为可能接触任何潜在危险物质。此外，根据可能的相似风险创建了20个工作组。根据该州的总人口计算标准死亡率（SMR），并根据年龄，日历期，性别和种族进行调整。结果：93.3％的工人随访成功。在造船厂工作的所有男性中，所有死因（SMR 1.08; 95％CI 1.04至1.12），呼吸道癌（SMR 1.29; 95％CI 1.15至1.43），肺癌（SMR 1.26）的死亡率均过高。 ; 95％CI 1.12至1.41），间皮瘤（SMR 5.07; 95％CI 1.85至11.03）和肺气肿（SMR 1.44; 95％CI 1.01至1.99）以及心血管疾病的降低（OR 0.95; 95％CI 0.90至1.00） ），中枢神经系统的血管病变（SMR 0.80; 95％CI 0.67至0.96），肝硬化（SMR 0.38; 95％CI 0.25至0.57）和外部死亡原因（SMR 0.55; 95％CI 0.44至0.68）。对于被分类为暴露的男子，观察到了类似的模式。除间皮瘤（在<10年和>或= 10年中，SMR分别为4.23和6.27）外，在船厂工作期间，没有发现死亡率增加的趋势。在至少三个病例且SMR≥1.3的职业中，作者观察到机械师（SMR 1.60; 95％CI 1.08至2.29）和造船工，焊工和切割工（SMR 1.34; 95％CI为1.07至1.65）和木工中的口腔癌和鼻咽癌（SMR为6.20; 95％CI为2.27至13.50）。结论：在这家海岸警卫队造船厂的工作表明，由于各种原因，肺癌和间皮瘤而造成的死亡率很小但很可观，其中大部分可能与接触石棉有关。

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