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首页> 外文期刊>Occupational and environmental medicine >Municipal waste incinerators: air and biological monitoring of workers for exposure to particles, metals, and organic compounds.
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Municipal waste incinerators: air and biological monitoring of workers for exposure to particles, metals, and organic compounds.

机译：市政垃圾焚烧炉：对工人进行空气和生物监测，以检测其是否接触颗粒，金属和有机化合物。

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AIMS: To evaluate occupational exposure to toxic pollutants at municipal waste incinerators (MWIs). METHODS: Twenty nine male subjects working near the furnaces in two MWIs, and 17 subjects not occupationally exposed to combustion generated pollutants were studied. Individual air samples were taken throughout the shift; urine samples were collected before and after. Stationary air samples were taken near potential sources of emission. RESULTS: Occupational exposure did not result in the infringement of any occupational threshold limit value. Atmospheric exposure levels to particles and metals were 10-100 times higher in MWIs than at the control site. The main sources were cleaning operations for particles, and residue transfer and disposal operations for metals. MWI workers were not exposed to higher levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons than workers who are routinely in contact with vehicle exhaust. The air concentrations of volatile organic compounds and aldehydes were low and did not appear to pose any significant threat to human health. Only the measurement of chlorinated hydrocarbon levels would seem to be a reliable marker for the combustion of plastics. Urine metal levels were significantly higher at plant 1 than at plant 2 because of high levels of pollutants emanating from one old furnace. CONCLUSION: While biological monitoring is an easy way of acquiring data on long term personal exposure, air monitoring remains the only method that makes it possible to identify the primary sources of pollutant emission which need to be controlled if occupational exposure and environmental pollution are to be reduced.
机译：目的：评估市政废物焚化炉（MWI）在职业上接触有毒污染物的情况。方法：研究了两个MWI中在炉子附近工作的29名男性受试者，以及17名未职业暴露于燃烧产生的污染物的受试者。在整个班次中分别采集空气样本;前后分别采集尿液样本。固定空气样本取自潜在的排放源附近。结果：职业接触没有导致违反任何职业阈值限值。 MWI中大气中颗粒和金属的暴露水平比对照站点高10-100倍。主要来源是颗粒的清洁操作以及金属的残留物转移和处置操作。 MWI工人没有比常规接触汽车尾气的工人接触更多的多环芳烃。挥发性有机化合物和醛的空气浓度很低，似乎对人体健康没有任何重大威胁。仅氯代烃含量的测量似乎是塑料燃烧的可靠标志。工厂1的尿中金属含量显着高于工厂2，这是因为一个旧炉子排放出大量污染物。结论：虽然生物监测是获取长期个人接触数据的一种简便方法，但空气监测仍然是唯一可以确定主要污染物排放源的方法，如果要对职业接触和环境污染进行控制，则需要对其进行控制。减少。

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