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首页> 外文期刊>Occupational and environmental medicine >Non-malignant consequences of decreasing asbestos exposure in the Brazil chrysotile mines and mills.
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Non-malignant consequences of decreasing asbestos exposure in the Brazil chrysotile mines and mills.

机译：在巴西温石棉矿山和工厂中减少石棉暴露的非恶性后果。

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AIMS: To investigate the consequences of improvement in the workplace environment over six decades (1940-96) in asbestos miners and millers from a developing country (Brazil). METHODS: A total of 3634 Brazilian workers with at least one year of exposure completed a respiratory symptoms questionnaire, chest radiography, and a spirometric evaluation. The study population was separated into three groups whose working conditions improved over time: group I (1940-66, n = 180), group II (1967-76, n = 1317), and group III (1977-96, n = 2137). RESULTS: Respiratory symptoms were significantly related to spirometric abnormalities, smoking, and latency time. Breathlessness, in particular, was also associated with age, pleural abnormality and increased cumulative exposure to asbestos fibres. The odds ratios (OR) for parenchymal and/or non-malignant pleural disease were significantly lower in groups II and III compared to group I subjects (0.29 (0.12-0.69) and 0.19 (0.08-0.45), respectively), independent of age andsmoking status. Similar results were found when groups were compared at equivalent latency times (groups I v II: 30-45 years; groups II v III: 20-25 years). Ageing, dyspnoea, past and current smoking, and radiographic abnormalities were associated with ventilatory impairment. Lower spirometric values were found in groups I and II compared to group III: lung function values were also lower in higher quartiles of latency and of cumulative exposure in these subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Progressive improvement in occupational hygiene in a developing country is likely to reduce the risk of non-malignant consequences of dust inhalation in asbestos miners and millers.
机译：目的：研究在发展中国家（巴西）的石棉矿工和制粉厂过去六十年（1940-96年）改善工作场所环境的后果。方法：总共3634名至少接触一年的巴西工人完成了呼吸症状问卷，胸部X光片检查和肺活量评估。研究人群分为三组，其工作条件随时间而改善：第一组（1940-66，n = 180），第二组（1967-76，n = 1317），第三组（1977-96，n = 2137） ）。结果：呼吸系统症状与肺功能异常，吸烟和潜伏时间显着相关。尤其是呼吸困难还与年龄，胸膜异常以及石棉纤维的累积暴露增加有关。与I组受试者相比，II组和III组中实质性和/或非恶性胸膜疾病的优势比（OR）显着较低（分别为0.29（0.12-0.69）和0.19（0.08-0.45）），与年龄无关和吸烟状态。当以相同的潜伏时间比较各组时，发现了相似的结果（I v II组：30-45岁; II v III组：20-25岁）。衰老，呼吸困难，既往和现在的吸烟以及影像学异常与通气障碍有关。与第三组相比，第一和第二组的肺活量测定值较低：这些受试者的潜伏期和累积暴露量较高的四分位数中，肺功能值也较低。结论：在发展中国家，职业卫生的逐步改善可能会减少石棉矿工和制粉厂吸入粉尘的非恶性后果的风险。

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