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首页> 外文期刊>Occupational and environmental medicine >Occupational contact dermatitis to nickel: experience of the British dermatologists (EPIDERM) and occupational physicians (OPRA) surveillance schemes.
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Occupational contact dermatitis to nickel: experience of the British dermatologists (EPIDERM) and occupational physicians (OPRA) surveillance schemes.

机译：职业接触性皮炎至镍：英国皮肤科医生（EPIDERM）和职业医生（OPRA）监测方案的经验。

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摘要

AIMS: To examine, from occupational surveillance reporting data, whether scheme reporters considered nickel exposure to play a role in occupational contact dermatitis (OCD) in the UK. METHODS: Data on occupational skin disease in the UK are collected by two occupational disease surveillance schemes, EPIDERM and OPRA. Cases of OCD believed to have relevant nickel exposure reported to EPIDERM or OPRA from February 1993 to January 1999 were studied. RESULTS: An estimate of 1190 cases of occupational contact dermatitis thought to have relevant nickel exposure (12% of total estimated OCD) was derived from reports by dermatologists, an average of 198 per year. The highest incidence rates were seen in hairdressers (23.9/100 000 workers/year), bar staff (4.7), chefs and cooks (4.4), retail cash and checkout operators (2.8), and catering assistants (2.5). From May 1994 to January 1999, 158 cases of nickel associated dermatitis (1.9% of total OCD cases) were estimated; the most frequently reported occupations were electronic assemblers, nurses, sales assistants, and general assemblers. From July 1997 to January 1999, 547 positive patch tests to nickel were reported; in 195 cases (36%), nickel was felt to be a relevant occupational allergen (for example, coin handling). In hairdressers, nurses, cooks, and beauticians, nickel was usually considered, if relevant at all, to be only one of several causes of dermatitis. CONCLUSIONS: Up to 12% of total estimated cases of OCD were thought to be due in part to nickel. Results suggest that nickel hypersensitivity is one of several contributors to OCD in subjects with multiple occupational exposures. Coin handling may be a source of OCD to nickel.
机译：目的：从职业监测报告数据中检查计划报告者是否认为在英国，镍暴露在职业接触性皮炎（OCD）中起作用。方法：英国的职业性皮肤病数据通过两种职业病监测计划EPIDERM和OPRA收集。研究人员对1993年2月至1999年1月报告给EPIDERM或OPRA报告有相关镍暴露的强迫症病例进行了研究。结果：据皮肤科医生的报告，估计每年有1190例职业接触性皮炎被认为具有相关的镍暴露量（占估计总强迫症的12％），平均每年198例。发生率最高的是理发师（23.9 / 10万工人/年），酒吧工作人员（4.7），厨师和厨师（4.4），零售现金和结账员（2.8）以及餐饮助理（2.5）。从1994年5月至1999年1月，估计有158例镍相关性皮炎（占强迫症总数的1.9％）;报告最频繁的职业是电子装配工，护士，销售助理和一般装配工。从1997年7月到1999年1月，报告了547次对镍的阳性斑贴试验;在195个案例中（36％），镍被认为是一种相关的职业过敏原（例如，硬币处理）。在美发师，护士，厨师和美容师中，镍（即使有关联）通常被认为只是皮炎的几种原因之一。结论：估计占强迫症总病例数的12％部分归因于镍。结果表明，镍超敏性是多种职业暴露对象中强迫症的几种因素之一。硬币处理可能是强迫症对镍的来源。

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