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首页> 外文期刊>Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review >OCEANS AND MARINE RESOURCES IN A CHANGING CLIMATE
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OCEANS AND MARINE RESOURCES IN A CHANGING CLIMATE

机译：气候变化中的海洋和海洋资源

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The United States is an ocean nation-our past, present, and future are inextricably connected to and dependent on oceans and marine resources. Marine ecosystems provide many important services, including jobs, food, transportation routes, recreational opportunities, health benefits, climate regulation, and cultural heritage that affect people, communities, and economies across the United States and internationally every day. There is a wealth of information documenting the strong linkages between the planet's climate and ocean systems, as well as how changes in the climate system can produce changes in the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of ocean ecosystems on a variety of spatial and temporal scales. There is relatively little information on how these climate-driven changes in ocean ecosystems may have an impact on ocean services and uses, although it is predicted that ocean-dependent users, communities, and economies will likely become increasingly vulnerable in a changing climate. Based on our current understanding and future projections of the planet's ocean systems, it is likely that marine ecosystems will continue to be affected by anthropogenic-driven climate change into the future. This review describes how these impacts are set in motion through a suite of changes in ocean physical, chemical, and biological components and processes in US waters and the significant implications of these changes for ocean users and the communities and economies that depend on healthy oceans. US international partnerships, management challenges, opportunities, and knowledge gaps are also discussed. Effectively preparing tor and responding to climate-driven changes in the ocean will require both limiting future change through reductions of greenhouse gases and adapting to the changes that we can no longer avoid.
机译：美国是一个海洋大国-我们的过去，现在和未来与海洋和海洋资源有着千丝万缕的联系，并取决于海洋和海洋资源。海洋生态系统提供许多重要服务，包括工作，食物，运输路线，娱乐机会，健康益处，气候调节和文化遗产，这些遗产每天都会影响美国乃至国际上的人们，社区和经济。有大量信息记录了地球气候与海洋系统之间的紧密联系，以及气候系统的变化如何在各种时空尺度上产生海洋生态系统的物理，化学和生物学特性的变化。 。尽管据预测，在变化的气候中，依赖海洋的用户，社区和经济可能会变得越来越脆弱，但是关于这些由气候驱动的海洋生态系统变化如何影响海洋服务和利用的信息相对较少。根据我们目前对行星海洋系统的了解和未来预测，海洋生态系统很可能在未来将继续受到人为驱动的气候变化的影响。这篇综述描述了如何通过一系列美国海洋中海洋物理，化学和生物成分和过程的变化来激发这些影响，以及这些变化对海洋使用者以及依赖健康海洋的社区和经济的重大影响。还讨论了美国的国际伙伴关系，管理挑战，机遇和知识差距。有效地准备和应对海洋中气候驱动的变化，既需要通过减少温室气体来限制未来的变化，又要适应我们无法避免的变化。

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