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首页> 外文期刊>Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review >THE SHORT-BEAKED COMMON DOLPHIN (DELPHINUS DELPHIS) IN THE NORTH-EAST ATLANTIC: DISTRIBUTION, ECOLOGY, MANAGEMENT AND CONSERVATION STATUS
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THE SHORT-BEAKED COMMON DOLPHIN (DELPHINUS DELPHIS) IN THE NORTH-EAST ATLANTIC: DISTRIBUTION, ECOLOGY, MANAGEMENT AND CONSERVATION STATUS

机译：东北大西洋的短吻海豚（DELPHINUS DELPHIS）：分布，生态，管理和保护现状

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摘要

The common dolphin is the second most abundant cetacean species in the North-east Atlantic, with a wide-ranging distribution and is, potentially, impacted by a wide variety of pressures and threats. To assess the conservation status of common dolphins in this region, it is essential to understand population structure, key drivers of population dynamics, key resources and the effects of stressors. In recent years, a number of studies have assessed population structure, distribution and abundance, life-history parameters, dietary requirements and the effect of stressors-especially those caused by anthropogenic interactions, such as incidental capture (i.e., by-catch) and pollutants. A full review of this work is presented, with particular focus on current and potential pressures and threats. Notwithstanding the recent research, due to the lack of baseline data (i.e., prior to human influence) on abundance and pregnancy rate and on historical direct and incidental capture rates, the actual conservation status of the North-east Atlantic common dolphin population is unknown. Current assessments of conservation status of the species are therefore reliant on recent data. However, these assessments are hindered by the lack of data on contemporary incidental capture rates in some fisheries and limited sampling in other fisheries, as well as large data gaps for other stressors. In addition, the numerous potential ways in which multiple and diverse stressors can interact remain poorly understood. This chapter provides an outline of a management framework and describes methods for future evaluation of conservation status through development of indicators focusing on not only population size and distribution but also mortality and condition. Recommendations for research and conservation actions are described.
机译：常见的海豚是东北大西洋第二丰富的鲸类物种，分布范围广，并可能受到各种压力和威胁的影响。要评估该地区普通海豚的保护状况，必须了解种群结构，种群动态的关键驱动因素，关键资源以及应激源的影响。近年来，许多研究评估了人口结构，分布和丰度，生活史参数，饮食需求和压力源的影响，尤其是人为相互作用（例如偶然捕获（即副渔获物）和污染物）引起的压力源。 。报告对这项工作进行了全面回顾，特别关注当前和潜在的压力与威胁。尽管最近进行了研究，但由于缺乏关于丰度和怀孕率以及历史直接和偶然捕获率的基线数据（即在人类影响之前），因此东北大西洋普通海豚种群的实际保护状况尚不清楚。因此，目前对物种保护状况的评估依赖于最新数据。但是，由于缺乏某些渔业的当代偶然捕获率数据，而另一些渔业的采样有限，以及其他压力源的巨大数据缺口，阻碍了这些评估。另外，对于多种多样的压力源相互作用的众多潜在方式仍然知之甚少。本章概述了管理框架，并通过制定不仅关注人口规模和分布，还关注死亡率和状况的指标，描述了未来评估保护状况的方法。描述了有关研究和保护行动的建议。

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