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首页> 外文期刊>Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review >SPATIAL, TEMPORAL AND TAXONOMIC VARIATION IN CORAL GROWTH-IMPLICATIONS FOR THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEMS
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SPATIAL, TEMPORAL AND TAXONOMIC VARIATION IN CORAL GROWTH-IMPLICATIONS FOR THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEMS

机译：珊瑚生长的空间，时间和分类学变化对珊瑚礁生态系统的结构和功能的影响

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Growth is a fundamental biological trait, generally considered to have an important role in structuring populations and communities. Accordingly, many studies have quantified growth rates of scleractinian corals, but using a variety of different methods and measures that may or may not be comparable. The purpose of this review is to compile extensive data on the growth of corals, to relate disparate methods of measuring coral growth, and to explore spatial, temporal, and taxonomic variation in growth rates. The most common metric of coral growth is linear extension, measured as unidirectional change in branch length or colony radius. Rates of linear extension vary greatly among corals, being highest among arborescent Acropora species. This is not unexpected given the limited carbonate investment in producing long, slender branches compared to solid hemispherical colonies. However, differences in the way that extension rates are actually measured (e.g., linear extension of individual branches vs. changes in the mean solid radius of massive corals) could potentially bias interspecific comparisons of coral growth. The most comparable measure of growth, which gives unbiased estimates of growth across different growth forms, is average annual calcification or change in weight normalized to a measure of size. Surprisingly, even calcification rates appear to be much higher for branching Acropora compared to other coral genera, which contributes to the high extension rates recorded for this genus. Despite inconsistencies and incompatibilities among studies of coral growth, there is clear evidence that coral growth rates vary spatially and temporally, largely in response to light and water quality (e.g., turbidity), temperature, and aragonite saturation state. Ongoing changes in environmental conditions (e.g., due to climate change) are expected to have generally negative consequences for the growth of scleractinian corals, which may be further exacerbated by shifts in assemblage structure towards relatively slowgrowing species.
机译：增长是一项基本的生物学特性，通常被认为在构造人口和社区中具有重要作用。因此，许多研究已经量化了巩膜珊瑚的生长速度，但是使用了各种可比或可比的不同方法和措施。这篇综述的目的是收集有关珊瑚生长的大量数据，关联测量珊瑚生长的不同方法，并探讨生长速度的时空，生物分类学差异。珊瑚生长的最常见指标是线性延伸，以分支长度或菌落半径的单向变化来衡量。珊瑚的线性延伸率差异很大，在树状棘足类物种中最高。鉴于与固态半球形菌落相比，碳酸盐在生产长而细长的枝上的投入有限，这并不意外。但是，实际测量延伸速率的方式上的差异（例如，单个分支的线性延伸与大块珊瑚的平均实心半径的变化）可能会导致种间比较珊瑚生长。最可比的增长量度，可以给出不同增长形式之间的增长量的无偏估计，是标准化的平均年钙化或体重变化量度。出人意料的是，与其他珊瑚属相比，分支Acropora甚至钙化率似乎也更高，这有助于该属的高延伸率。尽管珊瑚生长研究之间存在不一致和不兼容之处，但有明确证据表明，珊瑚生长速度在空间和时间上会发生变化，主要是根据光照和水质（例如浊度），温度和文石饱和状态而变化的。预期环境条件的不断变化（例如由于气候变化）通常会对巩膜珊瑚的生长产生负面影响，而组装结构向相对缓慢生长的物种的转移可能会进一步加剧这种情况。

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